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Abstract：
Cheating behavior is spreading among nursing students worldwide, necessitating the development of a validated questionnaire evaluating the reasons for such behavior. Nursing students (N = 482) from 2 universities in Saudi Arabia participated in this observational study. A survey containing items on socio-demographics and the 33-item Reasons for Cheating Scale (RCS) was completed by the respondents. The RCS had a 1-factor structure; the model fit indices were similar between the 1-, 2-, and 3-factor models, but the inter-factor correlations were too high for the 2- and 3-factor models. The measures of the quality of the factor score estimates were as follows: factor determinacy index, 0.987; expected a posteriori marginal reliability, 0.974; sensitivity ratio, 6.178; and expected percentage of true differences, 97.3%. The measures of the closeness to unidimensionality for the overall RCS were as follows: unidimensional congruence, 0.957; explained common variance, 0.875; and mean item residual absolute loading, 0.223. The intraclass correlation coefficient and McDonald\'s omega were 0.96 (CI: 0.93-0.98) and 0.962 (95% CI: 0.958-0.967), respectively. The severity score, infit, and outfit ranged from -0.847 to -2.015, 0.813 to 1.742, and 0.837 to 1.661, respectively. For all RCS items, the thresholds ranked τi1 < τi2 < τi3 < τi4 and showed invariance between the sexes. The RCS showed robust psychometric validity for both classical and item response theory parameters. It also had excellent test-retest reliability, internal consistency, item discrimination, factorial validity, measurement invariance, and ordered threshold level for the responses. Therefore, the RCS is a valid and reliable tool for assessing cheating behavior among nursing students.
摘要：
欺骗行为正在全球护理专业学生中蔓延，需要开发经过验证的问卷，以评估此类行为的原因。来自沙特阿拉伯2所大学的护理学生（N=482）参加了这项观察性研究。受访者完成了一项包含社会人口统计学项目和33项作弊原因量表（RCS）的调查。RCS具有1因素结构；模型拟合指数在1-，2-,和三因素模型，但对于2因子和3因子模型，因素间相关性过高。因子得分估计质量的衡量标准如下：因子确定性指数，0.987；预期后验边际可靠性，0.974；灵敏度比，6.178；以及预期的真实差异百分比，97.3%。总体RCS与单维的紧密度度量如下：单维一致性，0.957；解释共同方差，0.875；和平均项目剩余绝对载荷，0.223.组内相关系数和麦当劳的欧米茄分别为0.96（CI：0.93-0.98）和0.962（95％CI：0.958-0.967），分别。严重性评分，init,和装备的范围分别为-0.847至-2.015、0.813至1.742和0.837至1.661。对于所有RCS项目，阈值排序为τi1<τi2<τi3<τi4，并显示出两性之间的不变性。RCS对经典和项目反应理论参数均显示出强大的心理有效性。它还具有出色的重测可靠性，内部一致性，项目歧视，阶乘有效性，测量不变性，以及响应的有序阈值水平。因此,RCS是评估护生作弊行为的有效和可靠的工具。
