PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Olfactory impairment is common in older adults and may be associated with adverse cardiovascular health; however, empirical evidence is sparse. We examined olfaction in relation to the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, and congestive heart failure (CHF).
RESULTS: This study included 2537 older adults (aged 75.6±2.8 years) from the Health ABC (Health, Aging, and Body Composition) study with olfaction assessed by the 12-item Brief Smell Identification Test in 1999 to 2000, defined as poor (score ≤8), moderate (9-10), or good (11-12). The outcomes were incident CHD, stroke, and CHF. During up to a 12-year follow-up, 353 incident CHD, 258 stroke, and 477 CHF events were identified. Olfaction was statistically significantly associated with incident CHF, but not with CHD or stroke. After adjusting for demographics, risk factors, and biomarkers of CHF, the cause-specific hazard ratio (HR) of CHF was 1.32 (95% CI, 1.05-1.66) for moderate and 1.28 (95% CI, 1.01-1.64) for poor olfaction. These associations were robust in preplanned subgroup analyses by age, sex, race, and prevalent CHD/stroke. While the subgroup results were not statistically significantly different, the association of olfaction with CHF appeared to be evident among participants who reported very good to excellent health (HR, 1.47 [95% CI, 1.01-2.14] for moderate; and 1.76 [95% CI, 1.20-2.58] for poor olfaction), but not among those with fair to poor self-reported health (HR, 1.04 [95% CI, 0.64-1.70] for moderate; and 0.92 [95% CI, 0.58-1.47] for poor olfaction).
CONCLUSIONS: In community-dwelling older adults, a single olfaction test was associated with a long-term risk for incident CHF, particularly among those reporting very good to excellent health.
RESULTS: This study included 2537 older adults (aged 75.6±2.8 years) from the Health ABC (Health, Aging, and Body Composition) study with olfaction assessed by the 12-item Brief Smell Identification Test in 1999 to 2000, defined as poor (score ≤8), moderate (9-10), or good (11-12). The outcomes were incident CHD, stroke, and CHF. During up to a 12-year follow-up, 353 incident CHD, 258 stroke, and 477 CHF events were identified. Olfaction was statistically significantly associated with incident CHF, but not with CHD or stroke. After adjusting for demographics, risk factors, and biomarkers of CHF, the cause-specific hazard ratio (HR) of CHF was 1.32 (95% CI, 1.05-1.66) for moderate and 1.28 (95% CI, 1.01-1.64) for poor olfaction. These associations were robust in preplanned subgroup analyses by age, sex, race, and prevalent CHD/stroke. While the subgroup results were not statistically significantly different, the association of olfaction with CHF appeared to be evident among participants who reported very good to excellent health (HR, 1.47 [95% CI, 1.01-2.14] for moderate; and 1.76 [95% CI, 1.20-2.58] for poor olfaction), but not among those with fair to poor self-reported health (HR, 1.04 [95% CI, 0.64-1.70] for moderate; and 0.92 [95% CI, 0.58-1.47] for poor olfaction).
CONCLUSIONS: In community-dwelling older adults, a single olfaction test was associated with a long-term risk for incident CHF, particularly among those reporting very good to excellent health.
摘要：
背景：嗅觉障碍在老年人中很常见，可能与不良心血管健康有关；然而，经验证据是稀疏的。我们检查了嗅觉与冠心病(CHD)风险的关系，中风,充血性心力衰竭（CHF）。
结果：这项研究包括来自健康ABC（健康，衰老,和身体成分）通过1999年至2000年的12项简短气味识别测试评估的嗅觉研究，定义为不良（得分≤8），中等（9-10），或者好（11-12）。结果是冠心病，中风,和CHF。在长达12年的随访中，353例冠心病,258行程,并确定了477例CHF事件。嗅觉在统计学上与CHF事件显著相关，但不是冠心病或中风。调整人口统计后，危险因素，和CHF的生物标志物，中度CHF的病因特异性风险比(HR)为1.32(95%CI,1.05-1.66),不良嗅觉CHF的病因特异性风险比为1.28(95%CI,1.01-1.64).在按年龄进行的预先计划的亚组分析中，这些关联是稳健的，性别,种族,和普遍的冠心病/中风。虽然亚组结果没有统计学差异，嗅觉与CHF的关联在报告非常健康至极好的参与者中似乎很明显(HR，中度为1.47[95%CI，1.01-2.14]；不良嗅觉为1.76[95%CI，1.20-2.58]），但不是那些自我报告健康状况良好或较差的人(HR，中度为1.04[95%CI，0.64-1.70]；不良嗅觉为0.92[95%CI，0.58-1.47]）。
结论：在社区居住的老年人中，单一嗅觉测试与CHF事件的长期风险相关，特别是那些报告非常健康的人。
结果：这项研究包括来自健康ABC（健康，衰老,和身体成分）通过1999年至2000年的12项简短气味识别测试评估的嗅觉研究，定义为不良（得分≤8），中等（9-10），或者好（11-12）。结果是冠心病，中风,和CHF。在长达12年的随访中，353例冠心病,258行程,并确定了477例CHF事件。嗅觉在统计学上与CHF事件显著相关，但不是冠心病或中风。调整人口统计后，危险因素，和CHF的生物标志物，中度CHF的病因特异性风险比(HR)为1.32(95%CI,1.05-1.66),不良嗅觉CHF的病因特异性风险比为1.28(95%CI,1.01-1.64).在按年龄进行的预先计划的亚组分析中，这些关联是稳健的，性别,种族,和普遍的冠心病/中风。虽然亚组结果没有统计学差异，嗅觉与CHF的关联在报告非常健康至极好的参与者中似乎很明显(HR，中度为1.47[95%CI，1.01-2.14]；不良嗅觉为1.76[95%CI，1.20-2.58]），但不是那些自我报告健康状况良好或较差的人(HR，中度为1.04[95%CI，0.64-1.70]；不良嗅觉为0.92[95%CI，0.58-1.47]）。
结论：在社区居住的老年人中，单一嗅觉测试与CHF事件的长期风险相关，特别是那些报告非常健康的人。
