Abstract：
Prolonged exposure of bisphenol A (BPA) has adverse effects on in vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes, but treatment with tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) can improve the IVM and development of embryos. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of BPA and both BPA and TUDCA on IVM and parthenogenetic development of embryos. The results showed that BPA treatment adverse effects on the cumulus expansion index, survival rate, polar body rate, mitochondrial distribution of the oocytes after maturation culture, and that it also decreased the cleavage rate and blastocyst rate of embryos after parthenogenetic develpoment. In addition, BPA treatment upregulated expression of genes related to endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis and increased the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, while it decreased expression of genes related to cumulus expansion. However, the supplementation of TUDCA relieved these adverse effects of BPA except polar body rate, blastocyst rate, and expression of BCL2 and PTGS1. In conclusion, the supplementation of TUDCA can partly attenuate the negative effects of BPA on IVM and parthenogenetic development of embryos, possibly by modification of the expression of genes related to endoplasmic reticulum stress, apoptosis and cumulus expansion, intracellular ROS level, and mitochondrial distribution.
摘要：
长期接触双酚A(BPA)对卵母细胞体外成熟(IVM)有不良影响,但是用牛磺熊去氧胆酸（TUDCA）治疗可以改善IVM和胚胎发育。本研究的目的是研究BPA以及BPA和TUDCA对胚胎IVM和孤雌生殖发育的影响。结果表明,BPA处理对积云扩张指数有不利影响,存活率,极体速率，成熟培养后卵母细胞的线粒体分布，并降低了孤雌生殖发育后胚胎的卵裂率和囊胚率。此外,BPA处理上调与内质网应激和细胞凋亡相关的基因表达，并增加细胞内活性氧（ROS）水平，同时降低了与卵丘扩张相关的基因的表达。然而,补充TUDCA缓解了BPA的这些不利影响，除了极体率，囊胚率,BCL2和PTGS1的表达。总之,补充TUDCA可以部分减弱BPA对IVM和胚胎孤雌生殖发育的负面影响，可能是通过改变与内质网应激相关的基因的表达，细胞凋亡和积云扩张，细胞内ROS水平，和线粒体分布。
