Abstract：
Water bodies play a crucial role in supporting life, maintaining the environment, and preserving the ecology for the people of India. However, in recent decades, human activities have led to various alterations in aquatic environments, resulting in environmental degradation through pollution. The safety of utilizing surface water sources for drinking and other purposes has come under intense scrutiny due to rapid population growth and industrial expansion. Surface water pollution due to micro-plastics (MPs) (plastics < 5 mm in size) is one of the emerging pollutants in metropolitan cities of developing countries because of its utmost resilience and synthetic nature. Recent studies on the surface water bodies (river, pond, Lake etc.) portrait the correlation between the MPs level with different parameters of pollution such as specific conductivity, total phosphate, and biological oxygen demand. Fibers represent the predominant form of MPs discovered in surface water bodies, exhibiting fluctuations across seasons. Consequently, present study prioritizes understanding the adaptation, prevalence, attributes, fluctuations, and spatial dispersion of MPs in both sediment and surface water environments. Furthermore, the study aims to identify existing gaps in the current understanding and underscore opportunities for future investigation. From the present study, it has been reported that, the concentration of MPs in the range of 0.2-45.2 items/L at the Xisha Islands in the south China sea, whereas in India it was found in the range of 96 items/L in water samples and 259 items/kg in sediment samples. This would certainly assist the urban planners in achieving sustainable development goals to mitigate the increasing amount of emergent pollutant load.
摘要：
水体在支持生命中起着至关重要的作用，维护环境,保护印度人民的生态。然而,近几十年来,人类活动导致了水生环境的各种变化，通过污染导致环境恶化。由于人口的快速增长和工业的扩张，将地表水源用于饮用和其他目的的安全性受到了严格的审查。微塑料（MPs）（塑料尺寸<5毫米）引起的地表水污染是发展中国家大都市中新兴的污染物之一，因为它具有最大的弹性和合成性质。最近对地表水体的研究(河流，池塘,湖等。)描绘了MP水平与不同污染参数(如电导率)之间的相关性，总磷酸盐，和生物需氧量。纤维代表在地表水体中发现的MP的主要形式，表现出不同季节的波动。因此,本研究优先考虑理解适应，患病率,属性，波动，以及沉积物和地表水环境中MPs的空间分散。此外，该研究旨在确定当前理解中存在的差距，并强调未来调查的机会。从目前的研究来看,据报道，南中国海西沙群岛的MP浓度在0.2-45.2项目/升范围内，而在印度，在水样中发现了96个项目/L，在沉积物样品中发现了259个项目/kg。这无疑将有助于城市规划者实现可持续发展目标，以减轻不断增加的新兴污染物负荷。
