Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: This study aimed to evaluate the alcohol consumption among professional truck and bus drivers using direct ethanol biomarkers, and to explore its relationship with anxiety, depression, and stress.
UNASSIGNED: The assessment of potential harmful drinking was conducted through the measurement of direct biomarkers: phosphatidylethanol (PEth), ethyl glucuronide (EtG), and ethyl sulfate (EtS), using dried blood spots (DBS). Additionally, self-reported data from the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-C) were used. Emotional states, including depression, anxiety, and stress, were evaluated using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21).
UNASSIGNED: A total of 97 drivers participated in the study, with the majority being male (96%) and identified as truck drivers (75.3%). Among them, 43.3% reported working more than 10 h daily. The majority of volunteers exhibited normal levels of stress (81.4%), anxiety (83%), and depression (86.6%). According to the AUDIT-C assessment, 30.9% were categorized as having a moderate risk, while 11.3% were deemed to be at high risk for harmful alcohol consumption behavior. Ethyl glucuronide (EtG) and ethyl sulfate (EtS) levels, indicating recent ethanol consumption, were detected in 14.4% of the drivers. In contrast, the long half-life metabolite PEth (16:0-18:1) was present in 88.7% of the volunteers. A moderate correlation (rs = 0.45, p < .01) was observed between PEth levels and AUDIT-C scores. The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve, utilizing a PEth threshold of ≥ 59.0 ng ml-1, displayed 78% sensitivity and 73% specificity in effectively distinguishing high risk for alcohol intake. Notably, no significant associations were found between alcohol consumption and levels of stress, depression, and anxiety.
UNASSIGNED: The study findings indicate a noteworthy proportion of drivers engaging in regular alcohol consumption alongside a demanding workload. Notably, PEth measurements highlighted an underreporting within the AUDIT-C self-reports. These results lend robust support for the utilization of biomarkers in assessing alcohol consumption patterns among drivers.
UNASSIGNED: The assessment of potential harmful drinking was conducted through the measurement of direct biomarkers: phosphatidylethanol (PEth), ethyl glucuronide (EtG), and ethyl sulfate (EtS), using dried blood spots (DBS). Additionally, self-reported data from the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-C) were used. Emotional states, including depression, anxiety, and stress, were evaluated using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21).
UNASSIGNED: A total of 97 drivers participated in the study, with the majority being male (96%) and identified as truck drivers (75.3%). Among them, 43.3% reported working more than 10 h daily. The majority of volunteers exhibited normal levels of stress (81.4%), anxiety (83%), and depression (86.6%). According to the AUDIT-C assessment, 30.9% were categorized as having a moderate risk, while 11.3% were deemed to be at high risk for harmful alcohol consumption behavior. Ethyl glucuronide (EtG) and ethyl sulfate (EtS) levels, indicating recent ethanol consumption, were detected in 14.4% of the drivers. In contrast, the long half-life metabolite PEth (16:0-18:1) was present in 88.7% of the volunteers. A moderate correlation (rs = 0.45, p < .01) was observed between PEth levels and AUDIT-C scores. The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve, utilizing a PEth threshold of ≥ 59.0 ng ml-1, displayed 78% sensitivity and 73% specificity in effectively distinguishing high risk for alcohol intake. Notably, no significant associations were found between alcohol consumption and levels of stress, depression, and anxiety.
UNASSIGNED: The study findings indicate a noteworthy proportion of drivers engaging in regular alcohol consumption alongside a demanding workload. Notably, PEth measurements highlighted an underreporting within the AUDIT-C self-reports. These results lend robust support for the utilization of biomarkers in assessing alcohol consumption patterns among drivers.
摘要：
■这项研究旨在使用直接乙醇生物标志物评估专业卡车和公共汽车驾驶员的饮酒情况，探索它与焦虑的关系，抑郁症,和压力。
■对潜在有害饮酒的评估是通过测量直接生物标志物进行的：磷脂酰乙醇（PEth），乙基葡糖苷酸(EtG)，和硫酸乙酯(EtS)，使用干血斑点（DBS）。此外,使用来自酒精使用障碍鉴定测试(AUDIT-C)的自我报告数据.情绪状态,包括抑郁症,焦虑,和压力，使用抑郁症进行评估，焦虑,和应力尺度（DASS-21）。
■共有97名驾驶员参加了这项研究，大多数是男性(96%)，被认定为卡车司机(75.3%)。其中,43.3%报告每天工作超过10小时。大多数志愿者表现出正常水平的压力（81.4％），焦虑（83%），抑郁症（86.6%）。根据AUDIT-C评估，30.9%被归类为中度风险，而11.3%的人被认为是有害饮酒行为的高风险。葡萄糖醛酸乙酯（EtG）和硫酸乙酯（EtS）水平，表明最近的乙醇消费量，在14.4%的司机中检测到。相比之下,在88.7%的志愿者中存在长半衰期代谢物PEth(16:0-18:1)。在PEth水平和AUDIT-C评分之间观察到中等相关性(rs=0.45,p<.01)。接收器工作特性(ROC)曲线,采用≥59.0ngml-1的PEth阈值,在有效区分酒精摄入高风险方面表现出78%的敏感性和73%的特异性.值得注意的是,饮酒和压力水平之间没有显著的关联，抑郁症,和焦虑。
■研究结果表明，在工作量要求苛刻的情况下，经常饮酒的驾驶员比例值得注意。值得注意的是,PEth测量突出了AUDIT-C自我报告中的漏报。这些结果为生物标志物在评估驾驶员饮酒模式中的利用提供了有力的支持。
■对潜在有害饮酒的评估是通过测量直接生物标志物进行的：磷脂酰乙醇（PEth），乙基葡糖苷酸(EtG)，和硫酸乙酯(EtS)，使用干血斑点（DBS）。此外,使用来自酒精使用障碍鉴定测试(AUDIT-C)的自我报告数据.情绪状态,包括抑郁症,焦虑,和压力，使用抑郁症进行评估，焦虑,和应力尺度（DASS-21）。
■共有97名驾驶员参加了这项研究，大多数是男性(96%)，被认定为卡车司机(75.3%)。其中,43.3%报告每天工作超过10小时。大多数志愿者表现出正常水平的压力（81.4％），焦虑（83%），抑郁症（86.6%）。根据AUDIT-C评估，30.9%被归类为中度风险，而11.3%的人被认为是有害饮酒行为的高风险。葡萄糖醛酸乙酯（EtG）和硫酸乙酯（EtS）水平，表明最近的乙醇消费量，在14.4%的司机中检测到。相比之下,在88.7%的志愿者中存在长半衰期代谢物PEth(16:0-18:1)。在PEth水平和AUDIT-C评分之间观察到中等相关性(rs=0.45,p<.01)。接收器工作特性(ROC)曲线,采用≥59.0ngml-1的PEth阈值,在有效区分酒精摄入高风险方面表现出78%的敏感性和73%的特异性.值得注意的是,饮酒和压力水平之间没有显著的关联，抑郁症,和焦虑。
■研究结果表明，在工作量要求苛刻的情况下，经常饮酒的驾驶员比例值得注意。值得注意的是,PEth测量突出了AUDIT-C自我报告中的漏报。这些结果为生物标志物在评估驾驶员饮酒模式中的利用提供了有力的支持。
