PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Although guidelines recommend vaccination for individuals who have recovered from the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection to prevent reinfection, comprehensive evaluation studies are limited. We aimed to evaluate vaccine effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 reinfection according to the primary vaccination status, booster vaccination status, and vaccination methods used.
METHODS: This population-based case-control study enrolled all SARS-CoV-2-infected patients in Seoul between January 2020 and February 2022. Individuals were categorized into case (reinfection) and control (no reinfection) groups. Data were analyzed using conditional logistic regression after adjusting for underlying comorbidities using multiple regression.
RESULTS: The case group included 7,678 participants (average age: 32.26 years). In all vaccinated individuals, patients who received the first and second booster doses showed reduced reinfection rates compared with individuals who received basic vaccination (odds ratio [OR] = 0.605, P < 0.001 and OR = 0.002, P < 0.001). Patients who received BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273, NVX-CoV2373 and heterologous vaccination showed reduced reinfection rates compared with unvaccinated individuals (OR = 0.546, P < 0.001; OR = 0.356, P < 0.001; and OR = 0.472, P < 0.001). However, the ChAdOx1-S or Ad26.COV2.S vaccination group showed a higher reinfection rate than the BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 vaccination group (OR = 4.419, P < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: In SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals, completion of the basic vaccination series showed significant protection against reinfection compared with no vaccination. If the first or second booster vaccination was received, the protective effect against reinfection was higher than that of basic vaccination; when vaccinated with BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 only or heterologous vaccination, the protective effect was higher than that of ChAdOx1-S or Ad26.COV2.S vaccination only.
METHODS: This population-based case-control study enrolled all SARS-CoV-2-infected patients in Seoul between January 2020 and February 2022. Individuals were categorized into case (reinfection) and control (no reinfection) groups. Data were analyzed using conditional logistic regression after adjusting for underlying comorbidities using multiple regression.
RESULTS: The case group included 7,678 participants (average age: 32.26 years). In all vaccinated individuals, patients who received the first and second booster doses showed reduced reinfection rates compared with individuals who received basic vaccination (odds ratio [OR] = 0.605, P < 0.001 and OR = 0.002, P < 0.001). Patients who received BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273, NVX-CoV2373 and heterologous vaccination showed reduced reinfection rates compared with unvaccinated individuals (OR = 0.546, P < 0.001; OR = 0.356, P < 0.001; and OR = 0.472, P < 0.001). However, the ChAdOx1-S or Ad26.COV2.S vaccination group showed a higher reinfection rate than the BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 vaccination group (OR = 4.419, P < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: In SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals, completion of the basic vaccination series showed significant protection against reinfection compared with no vaccination. If the first or second booster vaccination was received, the protective effect against reinfection was higher than that of basic vaccination; when vaccinated with BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 only or heterologous vaccination, the protective effect was higher than that of ChAdOx1-S or Ad26.COV2.S vaccination only.
摘要：
背景：尽管指南建议对从严重急性呼吸道综合症冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）感染中恢复的个体进行疫苗接种，以防止再感染，综合评价研究有限。我们旨在根据主要疫苗接种状态评估疫苗对SARS-CoV-2再感染的有效性，加强疫苗接种状态，和使用的疫苗接种方法。
方法：这项基于人群的病例对照研究纳入了2020年1月至2022年2月在首尔的所有SARS-CoV-2感染患者。将个体分为病例组(再感染)和对照组(无再感染)。在使用多元回归调整潜在合并症后，使用条件逻辑回归分析数据。
结果：病例组包括7,678名参与者（平均年龄：32.26岁）。在所有接种疫苗的个体中，与接受基础疫苗接种的患者相比,接受第一次和第二次加强疫苗接种的患者的再感染率降低(比值比[OR]=0.605,P<0.001和OR=0.002,P<0.001).与未接种疫苗的个体相比，接受BNT162b2或mRNA-1273，NVX-CoV2373和异源疫苗接种的患者的再感染率降低（OR=0.546，P<0.001；OR=0.356，P<0.001；OR=0.472，P<0.001）。然而,ChAdOx1-S或Ad26。COV2.S疫苗组的再感染率高于BNT162b2或mRNA-1273疫苗组（OR=4.419，P<0.001）。
结论：在SARS-CoV-2感染者中，与未接种疫苗相比，基本疫苗系列的完成显示出对再感染的显著保护作用。如果接受了第一次或第二次加强疫苗接种，对再感染的保护作用高于基础疫苗接种；当仅接种BNT162b2或mRNA-1273或异源疫苗时，保护作用高于ChAdOx1-S或Ad26。COV2.仅接种S疫苗。
方法：这项基于人群的病例对照研究纳入了2020年1月至2022年2月在首尔的所有SARS-CoV-2感染患者。将个体分为病例组(再感染)和对照组(无再感染)。在使用多元回归调整潜在合并症后，使用条件逻辑回归分析数据。
结果：病例组包括7,678名参与者（平均年龄：32.26岁）。在所有接种疫苗的个体中，与接受基础疫苗接种的患者相比,接受第一次和第二次加强疫苗接种的患者的再感染率降低(比值比[OR]=0.605,P<0.001和OR=0.002,P<0.001).与未接种疫苗的个体相比，接受BNT162b2或mRNA-1273，NVX-CoV2373和异源疫苗接种的患者的再感染率降低（OR=0.546，P<0.001；OR=0.356，P<0.001；OR=0.472，P<0.001）。然而,ChAdOx1-S或Ad26。COV2.S疫苗组的再感染率高于BNT162b2或mRNA-1273疫苗组（OR=4.419，P<0.001）。
结论：在SARS-CoV-2感染者中，与未接种疫苗相比，基本疫苗系列的完成显示出对再感染的显著保护作用。如果接受了第一次或第二次加强疫苗接种，对再感染的保护作用高于基础疫苗接种；当仅接种BNT162b2或mRNA-1273或异源疫苗时，保护作用高于ChAdOx1-S或Ad26。COV2.仅接种S疫苗。
