Abstract：
The Tower of London, Drexel Version, Second Edition (TOL-DX) is purported to measure multiple aspects of executive functions, although it also possesses inherent non-executive demands. Such complexity makes it useful in detecting impairment but difficult in interpreting the neurocognitive cause of impairment, particularly in children. This study investigated the developmental, neurocognitive, and symptom correlates of the TOL-DX in children and adolescents with neuropsychiatric disorders. Two-hundred and thirty-three children and adolescents (7-21 years old) completed the TOL-DX during a neuropsychological evaluation as part of clinical care within a children\'s psychiatric hospital. Pearson correlation, regression models, and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analyses examined the association among variables. Visuospatial and executive functions (EF) were most consistently related to total moves, execution time, and violations. TOL-DX variables were associated with attention in younger participants and EF in older participants. No TOL-DX scores were related to parent-reported symptoms. The TOL-DX possesses inherent visuospatial and attention/executive demands in children and adolescents which are difficult to differentiate, differ by age group, and not associated to clinical symptoms. Taken together, the TOL-DX is complex to interpret, but psychometrically sound and sensitive to neurocognitive impairment in children and adolescents with transdiagnostic neuropsychiatric disorders.
摘要：
伦敦塔,Drexel版本,第二版(TOL-DX)旨在衡量执行功能的多个方面，尽管它也具有固有的非执行要求。这种复杂性使得它在检测损伤时很有用，但在解释损伤的神经认知原因时很困难。特别是在儿童中。这项研究调查了发育，神经认知，与患有神经精神疾病的儿童和青少年中TOL-DX的症状相关。作为儿童精神病医院临床护理的一部分，在神经心理学评估期间，有23名儿童和青少年（7-21岁）完成了TOL-DX。皮尔逊相关性，回归模型，和受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)分析检查了变量之间的关联。视觉空间和执行功能(EF)与总移动最一致，执行时间,和违规行为。TOL-DX变量与年轻参与者的注意力和老年参与者的EF相关。没有TOL-DX评分与父母报告的症状相关。TOL-DX在儿童和青少年中具有固有的视觉空间和注意力/执行需求，这些需求很难区分，因年龄组而异，与临床症状无关。一起来看,TOL-DX解释起来很复杂，但在诊断性神经精神障碍的儿童和青少年中，心理测量是健全的，对神经认知障碍敏感。
