Abstract：
As a facile substitute for the invasive technique of blood testing, wearable electrochemical sensors exhibit high potential for the noninvasive and real-time monitoring of biomarkers in human sweat. However, owing to enzyme specificity, the simultaneous detection of multiple biomarkers by enzymatic analysis is challenging. Moreover, sweat accumulation under sensors causes sweat contamination, which hinders real-time biomarker detection from sweat. This study reports the design and fabrication of flexible wearable electrochemical sensors containing a composite comprising Au nanorods (AuNRs) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) for the nonenzymatic detection of levodopa (LD) and uric acid (UA) in sweat. Each sensor was integrated with a flexible three-electrode system and a microfluidic patch for sweat sampling. AuNRs immobilized by PEG-doped PEDOT:PSS showed excellent analytical performance for LD and UA at different potentials. Thus, the newly fabricated sensors could detect LD and UA over a broad detection range with high sensitivity and showed a low limit of detection for both species. On-body assessments confirmed the ability of these sensors to simultaneously detect LD and UA in real time. Therefore, this study could open new frontiers in the fabrication of wearable electrochemical sensors for the pharmacokinetic profile tracking of LD and gout management.
摘要：
作为侵入性血液检测技术的容易替代，可穿戴电化学传感器显示出非侵入性和实时监测人类汗液中的生物标志物的巨大潜力。然而,由于酶的特异性，通过酶分析同时检测多种生物标志物是具有挑战性的。此外，传感器下的汗液积聚会导致汗液污染，这阻碍了从汗液中实时检测生物标志物。这项研究报告了柔性可穿戴电化学传感器的设计和制造，该传感器包含包含Au纳米棒（AuNRs）和聚（3,4-亚乙基二氧噻吩）：聚苯乙烯磺酸盐（PEDOT：PSS）的复合材料，用于汗液中左旋多巴（LD）和尿酸（UA）的非酶检测。每个传感器都与柔性三电极系统和用于汗液采样的微流体贴片集成在一起。通过PEG掺杂的PEDOT：PSS固定的AuNRs在不同电位下对LD和UA显示出优异的分析性能。因此，新制造的传感器可以在宽的检测范围内以高灵敏度检测LD和UA，并且对这两个物种都显示出低的检测限。身体评估证实了这些传感器实时同时检测LD和UA的能力。因此,这项研究可以在制造可穿戴电化学传感器以追踪LD和痛风管理的药代动力学特征方面开辟新的领域。
