PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The eye, as a specialized visual organ, is directly exposed to the external environment, and, therefore, it faces constant challenges from external pathogenic organisms and toxins. In the ocular mucosa (OM) of mammals, mucosal-associated lymphoid tissues (MALTs) constitute the primary line of defense. However, the immune defense role of the OM remains unknown in aquatic vertebrates. To gain insights into the immune processes within the OM of teleost fish, we developed an infection model of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) OM using a parasite, Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Ich). Immunofluorescence, qPCR, and H&E staining revealed that Ich successfully infiltrates the OM of rainbow trout, leading to pathological structural changes, as evidenced by A&B staining. Importantly, the qPCR results indicate an up-regulation of immune-related genes following Ich infection in the OM. Moreover, transcriptome analyses were conducted to detect immune responses and impairments in eye function within the OM of rainbow trout with Ich infection. The results of the transcriptome analysis that Ich infection can cause an extensive immune response in the OM, ultimately affecting ocular function. To the best of our knowledge, our findings represent for the first time that the teleost OM could act as an invasion site for parasites and trigger a strong mucosal immune response to parasitic infection.
UNASSIGNED: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42995-023-00199-6.
UNASSIGNED: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42995-023-00199-6.
摘要：
眼睛，作为一个专门的视觉器官，直接暴露在外部环境中，and,因此,它不断面临来自外部病原生物和毒素的挑战。在哺乳动物的眼粘膜（OM）中，粘膜相关淋巴组织（MALTs）是主要的防线。然而,OM的免疫防御作用在水生脊椎动物中仍然未知。为了深入了解硬骨鱼OM内的免疫过程，我们用寄生虫开发了虹鳟鱼（Oncorhynchusmykiss）OM的感染模型，多丝鱼（Ich）。免疫荧光,qPCR,H&E染色显示Ich成功渗入虹鳟鱼的OM，导致病理性结构变化，如A&B染色所证明。重要的是,qPCR结果表明在OM中Ich感染后免疫相关基因上调。此外，进行转录组分析以检测感染Ich的虹鳟鱼OM内的免疫反应和眼功能损伤。转录组分析结果表明，Ich感染可引起OM广泛的免疫反应，最终影响眼功能。据我们所知,我们的发现首次表明硬骨鱼OM可以作为寄生虫的入侵部位，并引发对寄生虫感染的强烈粘膜免疫反应。
■在线版本包含补充材料，可在10.1007/s42995-023-00199-6获得。
■在线版本包含补充材料，可在10.1007/s42995-023-00199-6获得。
