Abstract：
Subiculum is a pivotal output component of the hippocampal formation, a structure often overlooked in neuroscientific research. Here, this review aims to explore the role of the subiculum in various brain disorders, shedding light on its significance within the functional-neuroanatomical perspective on neurological diseases. The subiculum\'s involvement in multiple brain disorders was thoroughly examined. In Alzheimer\'s disease, subiculum alterations precede cognitive decline, while in epilepsy, the subiculum plays a critical role in seizure initiation. Stress involves the subiculum\'s impact on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis. Moreover, the subiculum exhibits structural and functional changes in anxiety, schizophrenia, and Parkinson\'s disease, contributing to cognitive deficits. Bipolar disorder is linked to subiculum structural abnormalities, while autism spectrum disorder reveals an alteration of inward deformation in the subiculum. Lastly, frontotemporal dementia shows volumetric differences in the subiculum, emphasizing its contribution to the disorder\'s complexity. Taken together, this review consolidates existing knowledge on the subiculum\'s role in brain disorders, and may facilitate future research, diagnostic strategies, and therapeutic interventions for various neurological conditions.
摘要：
下丘是海马结构的关键输出成分，神经科学研究中经常被忽视的结构。这里,这篇综述旨在探讨下膜在各种脑部疾病中的作用，阐明其在神经系统疾病的功能神经解剖学观点中的重要性。彻底检查了下膜在多种脑部疾病中的参与。在阿尔茨海默病中，下膜改变先于认知能力下降，在癫痫中，下膜在癫痫发作中起关键作用。应力涉及下丘脑对下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺皮质轴的影响。此外，下膜表现出焦虑的结构和功能变化，精神分裂症,和帕金森病,导致认知缺陷。双相情感障碍与下膜结构异常有关,而自闭症谱系障碍揭示了下膜向内变形的改变。最后,额颞叶痴呆显示下膜的体积差异，强调它对无序的复杂性的贡献。一起来看,这篇综述巩固了关于下膜在脑部疾病中的作用的现有知识，并可能促进未来的研究，诊断策略，以及各种神经系统疾病的治疗干预措施。
