Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: The association of coffee and tea consumption with osteoporosis is highly controversial, and few studies have focused on the combined effects of the two beverages. This study aimed to investigate the independent and combined associations of coffee and tea consumption with osteoporosis risk.
METHODS: A prospective cohort study involving 487,594 participants aged 38-73 years from the UK Biobank was conducted. Participants with reported coffee and tea consumption and without osteoporosis at baseline were included. Coffee and tea consumption were assessed via a touch-screen questionnaire at baseline. Newly diagnosed osteoporosis during the follow-up period, defined based on ICD-10 codes (M80-M82), was the primary outcome. Cox regression analyses were utilized to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs). Dose-effect associations were assessed using restricted cubic spline analysis.
RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 12.8 years, 15,211 cases of osteoporosis were identified. Compared to individuals without coffee or tea consumption, drinking coffee was associated with an HR of 0.93 (95 % CI: 0.89-0.96), and tea consumption with an HR of 0.86 (95 % CI: 0.83-0.90). Continuous trends were significant for both coffee and tea consumption, showing non-linear associations with osteoporosis incidence. Moderate consumption, such as 1-2 cups of coffee or 3-4 cups of tea per day, was associated with a lower incidence of osteoporosis, with HRs of 0.9 (95 % CI: 0.86-0.94) and 0.85 (95 % CI: 0.81-0.90), respectively. Additionally, combined coffee and tea consumption displayed a U-shaped association with osteoporosis risk, with the lowest risk observed in individuals who consumed 1-2 cups of both beverages daily, with an HR of 0.68 (95 % CI: 0.61-0.75).
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings highlight the potential benefits of moderate coffee and tea consumption in reducing the risk of osteoporosis.
METHODS: A prospective cohort study involving 487,594 participants aged 38-73 years from the UK Biobank was conducted. Participants with reported coffee and tea consumption and without osteoporosis at baseline were included. Coffee and tea consumption were assessed via a touch-screen questionnaire at baseline. Newly diagnosed osteoporosis during the follow-up period, defined based on ICD-10 codes (M80-M82), was the primary outcome. Cox regression analyses were utilized to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs). Dose-effect associations were assessed using restricted cubic spline analysis.
RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 12.8 years, 15,211 cases of osteoporosis were identified. Compared to individuals without coffee or tea consumption, drinking coffee was associated with an HR of 0.93 (95 % CI: 0.89-0.96), and tea consumption with an HR of 0.86 (95 % CI: 0.83-0.90). Continuous trends were significant for both coffee and tea consumption, showing non-linear associations with osteoporosis incidence. Moderate consumption, such as 1-2 cups of coffee or 3-4 cups of tea per day, was associated with a lower incidence of osteoporosis, with HRs of 0.9 (95 % CI: 0.86-0.94) and 0.85 (95 % CI: 0.81-0.90), respectively. Additionally, combined coffee and tea consumption displayed a U-shaped association with osteoporosis risk, with the lowest risk observed in individuals who consumed 1-2 cups of both beverages daily, with an HR of 0.68 (95 % CI: 0.61-0.75).
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings highlight the potential benefits of moderate coffee and tea consumption in reducing the risk of osteoporosis.
摘要：
目的：饮用咖啡和茶与骨质疏松的关系是有争议的，很少有研究关注这两种饮料的综合效果。这项研究旨在调查咖啡和茶消费与骨质疏松症风险的独立和联合关联。
方法：进行了一项前瞻性队列研究，涉及来自英国生物银行的487,594名38-73岁的参与者。包括报告有咖啡和茶消费且基线无骨质疏松症的参与者。在基线时通过触摸屏问卷评估咖啡和茶的消耗。随访期间新诊断的骨质疏松症，根据ICD-10代码（M80-M82）定义，是主要结果。Cox回归分析用于计算风险比(HR)和95%置信区间(CI)。使用限制性三次样条分析评估剂量-效应关联。
结果：在12.8年的中位随访期间，确定了15,211例骨质疏松症。与没有咖啡或茶消费的人相比，喝咖啡与0.93的HR相关(95%CI：0.89-0.96)，和茶叶消费，HR为0.86(95%CI：0.83-0.90)。咖啡和茶消费的持续趋势都很显著，显示与骨质疏松症发病率的非线性关联。适度消费,例如每天1-2杯咖啡或3-4杯茶，与骨质疏松症的发病率较低有关，HR为0.9（95%CI：0.86-0.94）和0.85（95%CI：0.81-0.90），分别。此外,咖啡和茶的综合消费显示出与骨质疏松症风险的U型关联，在每天饮用1-2杯两种饮料的个体中观察到的风险最低，HR为0.68（95%CI：0.61-0.75）。
结论：我们的研究结果强调了适量饮用咖啡和茶对降低骨质疏松症风险的潜在益处。
方法：进行了一项前瞻性队列研究，涉及来自英国生物银行的487,594名38-73岁的参与者。包括报告有咖啡和茶消费且基线无骨质疏松症的参与者。在基线时通过触摸屏问卷评估咖啡和茶的消耗。随访期间新诊断的骨质疏松症，根据ICD-10代码（M80-M82）定义，是主要结果。Cox回归分析用于计算风险比(HR)和95%置信区间(CI)。使用限制性三次样条分析评估剂量-效应关联。
结果：在12.8年的中位随访期间，确定了15,211例骨质疏松症。与没有咖啡或茶消费的人相比，喝咖啡与0.93的HR相关(95%CI：0.89-0.96)，和茶叶消费，HR为0.86(95%CI：0.83-0.90)。咖啡和茶消费的持续趋势都很显著，显示与骨质疏松症发病率的非线性关联。适度消费,例如每天1-2杯咖啡或3-4杯茶，与骨质疏松症的发病率较低有关，HR为0.9（95%CI：0.86-0.94）和0.85（95%CI：0.81-0.90），分别。此外,咖啡和茶的综合消费显示出与骨质疏松症风险的U型关联，在每天饮用1-2杯两种饮料的个体中观察到的风险最低，HR为0.68（95%CI：0.61-0.75）。
结论：我们的研究结果强调了适量饮用咖啡和茶对降低骨质疏松症风险的潜在益处。
