Abstract：
Nucleotide-binding and oligomerization structural domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs) play an important role in innate immunity as cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Over the past decade, considerable progress has been made in understanding the mechanisms by which NLR family members regulate immune system function, particularly the formation of inflammasome and downstream inflammatory signals. However, recent studies have shown that some members of the NLRs, including Nlrp12, NLRX1, and NLRC3, are important in the negative regulation of inflammatory signaling and are involved in the development of various diseases, including inflammatory diseases and cancer. Based on this, in this review, we first summarize the interactions between canonical and non-canonical nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways that are mainly involved in NLRs, then highlight the mechanisms by which the above NLRs negatively regulate inflammatory signaling responses as well as their roles in tumor progression, and finally summarize the synthetic and natural derivatives with therapeutic effects on these NLRs, which are considered as potential therapeutic agents for overcoming inflammatory diseases.
摘要：
核苷酸结合和寡聚化结构域（NOD）样受体（NLR）作为细胞质模式识别受体（PRR）在先天免疫中起重要作用。在过去的十年里，在理解NLR家族成员调节免疫系统功能的机制方面取得了相当大的进展，特别是炎症小体和下游炎症信号的形成。然而,最近的研究表明，NLR的一些成员，包括Nlrp12，NLRX1和NLRC3，在炎症信号的负调节中很重要，并参与各种疾病的发展，包括炎症性疾病和癌症。基于此,在这次审查中,我们首先总结了主要参与NLRs的规范和非规范核因子-κB（NF-κB）信号通路之间的相互作用，然后强调上述NLR负调节炎症信号应答的机制以及它们在肿瘤进展中的作用，最后总结了对这些NLR具有治疗作用的合成和天然衍生物，它们被认为是克服炎性疾病的潜在治疗剂。
