Abstract：
Neurological disorders (NDs) are diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems that affect more than one billion people worldwide. The risk of developing an ND increases with age due to the vulnerability of the different organs and systems to genetic, environmental, and social changes that consequently cause motor and cognitive deficits that disable the person from their daily activities and individual and social productivity. Intrinsic factors (genetic factors, age, gender) and extrinsic factors (addictions, infections, or lifestyle) favor the persistence of systemic inflammatory processes that contribute to the evolution of NDs. Neuroinflammation is recognized as a common etiopathogenic factor of ND. The study of new pharmacological options for the treatment of ND should focus on improving the characteristic symptoms and attacking specific molecular targets that allow the delay of damage processes such as neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, cellular metabolic dysfunction, and deregulation of transcriptional processes. In this review, we describe the possible role of sodium phenylbutyrate (NaPB) in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer\'s disease, hepatic encephalopathy, aging, Parkinson\'s disease, Huntington\'s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; in addition, we describe the mechanism of action of NaPB and its beneficial effects that have been shown in various in vivo and in vitro studies to delay the evolution of any ND.
摘要：
神经系统疾病（ND）是中枢神经系统和周围神经系统的疾病，影响全球超过10亿人。由于不同器官和系统对遗传的脆弱性，发展ND的风险随着年龄的增长而增加，环境,和社会变化，从而导致运动和认知缺陷，使人们无法进行日常活动以及个人和社会生产力。内在因素(遗传因素，年龄,性别)和外在因素(成瘾，感染,或生活方式）有利于促进NDs进化的全身性炎症过程的持续存在。神经炎症被认为是ND的常见病因。治疗ND的新药物选择的研究应集中在改善特征性症状和攻击特定的分子靶标，从而延迟神经炎症等损伤过程。氧化应激，细胞代谢功能障碍，和转录过程的失调。在这次审查中,我们描述了苯丁酸钠（NaPB）在阿尔茨海默病发病机制中的可能作用，肝性脑病,老化，帕金森病,亨廷顿病,和肌萎缩侧索硬化症；此外，我们描述了NaPB的作用机制及其有益作用，这些作用已在各种体内和体外研究中被证明可以延缓任何ND的进化。
