Abstract：
Antibiotics\' widespread and abusive use in aquaculture and livestock leads to extensive environmental dissemination and dispersion, consequently increasing antibiotic-resistant bacteria in marine ecosystems. Hence, there is an increased need for efficient methods for identifying and quantifying antibiotic residues in soils and sediments. From a review of the last 20 years, we propose and compare different chromatographic techniques for detecting and quantifying antibiotics in sediment samples from marine ecosystems, particularly in mangrove forest sediments. The methods typically include three stages: extraction of antibiotics from the solid matrix, cleaning, and concentration of samples before quantification. We address the leading causes of the occurrence of antibiotics in marine ecosystem sediments and analyze the most appropriate methods for each analytical stage. Ultimately, selecting a method for identifying antibiotic residues depends on multiple factors, ranging from the nature and physicochemical properties of the analytes to the availability of the necessary equipment and the available resources.
摘要：
抗生素在水产养殖和牲畜中的广泛和滥用导致广泛的环境传播和分散，因此，海洋生态系统中抗生素抗性细菌的增加。因此，越来越需要有效的方法来识别和量化土壤和沉积物中的抗生素残留。从过去20年的回顾来看，我们提出并比较了不同的色谱技术，用于检测和定量海洋生态系统沉积物样品中的抗生素，特别是在红树林沉积物中。该方法通常包括三个阶段：从固体基质中提取抗生素，清洁,和定量前样品的浓度。我们解决了海洋生态系统沉积物中抗生素发生的主要原因，并分析了每个分析阶段的最合适方法。最终,选择一种识别抗生素残留的方法取决于多种因素，从分析物的性质和物理化学性质到必要设备和可用资源的可用性。
