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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Despite the high burden of anxiety and hypertension in Hispanic/Latino adults, little is known about their association in this population.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the associations of anxiety symptoms with 6-year changes in blood pressure (BP) and incident hypertension in Hispanic/Latino adults.
METHODS: We examined data from a probability sample of 10,881 Hispanic/Latino persons aged 18-74 who attended visits 1 (V1; 2008-2011) and 2 (V2; 2014-2017) of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL), a prospective cohort study. Anxiety symptoms were assessed at V1 using the 10-item Spielberger Trait Anxiety Scale (M = 17.1; Range = 10-40) and dichotomized using a cut-point of 20, the highest quartile in this cohort. BP was measured at both visits using a standardized protocol.
RESULTS: Adults with elevated anxiety symptoms had a 1.02 mm Hg greater increase in systolic (p = .02) and a 0.75 mm Hg greater increase in diastolic BP (p = .02) over 6.1 years than those with lower symptoms, after adjusting for sociodemographic and clinical covariates. These associations differed by sex. Elevated anxiety was associated with a greater increase in systolic and diastolic BP in men only. Among persons without hypertension at V1 (N = 7,412), those with elevated anxiety symptoms at V1 had a 22% higher incidence of hypertension (p = .02) 6.1 years later.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings underscore the importance of screening for and treating elevated anxiety symptoms to help prevent hypertension. Further research on the role of sex and underlying mechanisms is warranted.
This study investigated the relationship between anxiety symptoms and changes in blood pressure, as well as the incidence of hypertension among Hispanic/Latino adults over time. Using data from 10,881 Hispanic/Latino adults who participated in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos, we found that men, but not women, with elevated anxiety symptoms experienced a greater increase in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure over a 6-year period compared to those with lower symptoms. Additionally, among 7,412 participants who were free of hypertension at baseline, individuals with elevated anxiety symptoms developed hypertension at a higher rate after 6 years of follow-up compared to those with lower symptoms. These findings suggest that anxiety symptoms play a role in the development of hypertension among Hispanic/Latino adults, underscoring the importance of screening for and addressing elevated anxiety to potentially prevent hypertension.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the associations of anxiety symptoms with 6-year changes in blood pressure (BP) and incident hypertension in Hispanic/Latino adults.
METHODS: We examined data from a probability sample of 10,881 Hispanic/Latino persons aged 18-74 who attended visits 1 (V1; 2008-2011) and 2 (V2; 2014-2017) of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL), a prospective cohort study. Anxiety symptoms were assessed at V1 using the 10-item Spielberger Trait Anxiety Scale (M = 17.1; Range = 10-40) and dichotomized using a cut-point of 20, the highest quartile in this cohort. BP was measured at both visits using a standardized protocol.
RESULTS: Adults with elevated anxiety symptoms had a 1.02 mm Hg greater increase in systolic (p = .02) and a 0.75 mm Hg greater increase in diastolic BP (p = .02) over 6.1 years than those with lower symptoms, after adjusting for sociodemographic and clinical covariates. These associations differed by sex. Elevated anxiety was associated with a greater increase in systolic and diastolic BP in men only. Among persons without hypertension at V1 (N = 7,412), those with elevated anxiety symptoms at V1 had a 22% higher incidence of hypertension (p = .02) 6.1 years later.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings underscore the importance of screening for and treating elevated anxiety symptoms to help prevent hypertension. Further research on the role of sex and underlying mechanisms is warranted.
This study investigated the relationship between anxiety symptoms and changes in blood pressure, as well as the incidence of hypertension among Hispanic/Latino adults over time. Using data from 10,881 Hispanic/Latino adults who participated in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos, we found that men, but not women, with elevated anxiety symptoms experienced a greater increase in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure over a 6-year period compared to those with lower symptoms. Additionally, among 7,412 participants who were free of hypertension at baseline, individuals with elevated anxiety symptoms developed hypertension at a higher rate after 6 years of follow-up compared to those with lower symptoms. These findings suggest that anxiety symptoms play a role in the development of hypertension among Hispanic/Latino adults, underscoring the importance of screening for and addressing elevated anxiety to potentially prevent hypertension.
摘要：
背景：尽管西班牙裔/拉丁裔成年人的焦虑和高血压负担很高，对他们在这个人群中的联系知之甚少。
目的：研究西班牙裔/拉丁裔成年人的焦虑症状与6年血压（BP）变化和高血压的关系。
方法：我们检查了来自10,881名18-74岁的西班牙裔/拉丁美洲人的概率样本的数据，他们参加了西班牙裔社区健康研究/拉丁美洲人研究（HCHS/SOL）的1次（V1;2008-2011）和2次（V2;2014-2017）。前瞻性队列研究。使用10项Spielberger特质焦虑量表（M=17.1；范围=10-40）在V1时评估焦虑症状，并使用该队列中最高四分位数20的切点进行二分。使用标准化方案在两次访问中测量BP。
结果：在6.1年内，焦虑症状升高的成年人收缩压（p=.02）增加1.02mmHg，舒张压（p=.02）增加0.75mmHg。在调整社会人口统计学和临床协变量后。这些关联因性别而异。仅在男性中，焦虑的升高与收缩压和舒张压的升高有关。在V1无高血压的人群中（N=7,412），那些在V1时焦虑症状升高的患者在6.1年后的高血压发病率增加了22%(p=.02).
结论：我们的研究结果强调了筛查和治疗升高的焦虑症状以帮助预防高血压的重要性。有必要对性别和潜在机制的作用进行进一步研究。
这项研究调查了焦虑症状与血压变化之间的关系，以及随着时间的推移，西班牙裔/拉丁裔成年人高血压的发病率。使用来自参加西班牙裔社区健康研究/拉丁裔研究的10,881名西班牙裔/拉丁裔成年人的数据，我们发现男人,但不是女人,与焦虑症状较低的患者相比,焦虑症状较高的患者在6年内的收缩压和舒张压均有更大的升高.此外,在7,412名基线无高血压的参与者中，在随访6年后,焦虑症状升高的个体患高血压的比率高于症状较低的个体.这些发现表明，焦虑症状在西班牙裔/拉丁裔成年人的高血压发展中起作用，强调筛查和解决焦虑升高对预防高血压的重要性.
目的：研究西班牙裔/拉丁裔成年人的焦虑症状与6年血压（BP）变化和高血压的关系。
方法：我们检查了来自10,881名18-74岁的西班牙裔/拉丁美洲人的概率样本的数据，他们参加了西班牙裔社区健康研究/拉丁美洲人研究（HCHS/SOL）的1次（V1;2008-2011）和2次（V2;2014-2017）。前瞻性队列研究。使用10项Spielberger特质焦虑量表（M=17.1；范围=10-40）在V1时评估焦虑症状，并使用该队列中最高四分位数20的切点进行二分。使用标准化方案在两次访问中测量BP。
结果：在6.1年内，焦虑症状升高的成年人收缩压（p=.02）增加1.02mmHg，舒张压（p=.02）增加0.75mmHg。在调整社会人口统计学和临床协变量后。这些关联因性别而异。仅在男性中，焦虑的升高与收缩压和舒张压的升高有关。在V1无高血压的人群中（N=7,412），那些在V1时焦虑症状升高的患者在6.1年后的高血压发病率增加了22%(p=.02).
结论：我们的研究结果强调了筛查和治疗升高的焦虑症状以帮助预防高血压的重要性。有必要对性别和潜在机制的作用进行进一步研究。
这项研究调查了焦虑症状与血压变化之间的关系，以及随着时间的推移，西班牙裔/拉丁裔成年人高血压的发病率。使用来自参加西班牙裔社区健康研究/拉丁裔研究的10,881名西班牙裔/拉丁裔成年人的数据，我们发现男人,但不是女人,与焦虑症状较低的患者相比,焦虑症状较高的患者在6年内的收缩压和舒张压均有更大的升高.此外,在7,412名基线无高血压的参与者中，在随访6年后,焦虑症状升高的个体患高血压的比率高于症状较低的个体.这些发现表明，焦虑症状在西班牙裔/拉丁裔成年人的高血压发展中起作用，强调筛查和解决焦虑升高对预防高血压的重要性.
