PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
A self-management intervention is a personalized approach to individuals aiming to engage individuals in a behavior change to develop skills to live better with their condition. Self-management involves an iterative process between participants and providers in which goals are formulated and feedback is given. All respiratory societies advocate self-management as part of chronic care because it may improve quality of life and health-care utilization. Self-management is an integral part of pulmonary rehabilitation. Self-management interventions usually involve education and exercise prescription, and that is an asset of current programs; however, recent reports indicate that effective strategies for motivation and a behavior change focus are often missed. A recent systematic review on self-management urges the need for a specific aspect and characteristic of self-management interventions: iterative interactions between participants and health-care professionals competent in using behavior change practices to elicit participants\' motivation, confidence, and competence to develop skills to better manage their disease. A recent review of self-care intervention in chronic disease states that the major deficits found in self-care interventions included a lack of attention and/or innovation to the psychological consequences of chronic illness, technology, and behavior change techniques to help patients manage symptoms. There is a need for exploration of mechanisms to explain the relationships between both anxiety and depression, and adherence to treatment in COPD. The latter is particularly appropriate for pulmonary rehabilitation, for which greater adherence is needed. This report aims to introduce basic aspects of behavior change and a proposed roadmap to introduce behavior change into pulmonary rehabilitation and chronic care programs.
摘要：
自我管理干预是一种针对个人的个性化方法，旨在使个人参与行为改变，以发展技能，以更好地适应他们的状况。自我管理涉及参与者和提供者之间的迭代过程，其中制定了目标并给出了反馈。所有呼吸学会都提倡将自我管理作为慢性护理的一部分，因为它可以改善生活质量和医疗保健利用率。自我管理是肺康复不可或缺的一部分。自我管理干预通常涉及教育和运动处方，这是当前计划的资产；然而，最近的报告表明，动机和行为改变焦点的有效策略经常被遗漏。最近关于自我管理的系统审查敦促需要自我管理干预措施的特定方面和特征：参与者与有能力使用行为改变实践来激发参与者的动机的医疗保健专业人员之间的迭代互动，信心,以及发展技能以更好地管理疾病的能力。最近对慢性疾病自我护理干预的审查指出，自我护理干预中发现的主要缺陷包括对慢性疾病的心理后果缺乏关注和/或创新。技术,和行为改变技术来帮助患者控制症状。有必要探索机制来解释焦虑和抑郁之间的关系，以及对COPD治疗的依从性。后者特别适用于肺部康复,为此，需要更大的坚持。本报告旨在介绍行为改变的基本方面，以及将行为改变引入肺康复和慢性护理计划的拟议路线图。
