Abstract：
Indoor air pollution is becoming a rising public health problem and is largely resulting from the burning of solid fuels and heating in households. Burning these fuels produces harmful compounds, such as particulate matter regarded as a major health risk, particularly affecting the onset and exacerbation of respiratory diseases. As exposure to polluted indoor air can cause DNA damage including DNA sd breaks as well as chromosomal damage, in this paper, we aim to provide an overview of the impact of indoor air pollution on DNA damage and genome stability by reviewing the scientific papers that have used the comet, micronucleus, and γ-H2AX assays. These methods are valuable tools in human biomonitoring and for studying the mechanisms of action of various pollutants, and are readily used for the assessment of primary DNA damage and genome instability induced by air pollutants by measuring different aspects of DNA and chromosomal damage. Based on our search, in selected studies (in vitro, animal models, and human biomonitoring), we found generally higher levels of DNA strand breaks and chromosomal damage due to indoor air pollutants compared to matched control or unexposed groups. In summary, our systematic review reveals the importance of the comet, micronucleus, and γ-H2AX assays as sensitive tools for the evaluation of DNA and genome damaging potential of different indoor air pollutants. Additionally, research in this particular direction is warranted since little is still known about the level of indoor air pollution in households or public buildings and its impact on genetic material. Future studies should focus on research investigating the possible impact of indoor air pollutants in complex mixtures on the genome and relate pollutants to possible health outcomes.
摘要：
室内空气污染正在成为一个日益严重的公共卫生问题，主要是由于家庭燃烧固体燃料和取暖造成的。燃烧这些燃料会产生有害化合物，例如被视为主要健康风险的颗粒物，特别影响呼吸系统疾病的发作和恶化。由于暴露于污染的室内空气会导致DNA损伤，包括DNAsd断裂以及染色体损伤，在本文中，我们的目标是通过回顾使用彗星的科学论文来概述室内空气污染对DNA损伤和基因组稳定性的影响，微核,和γ-H2AX测定。这些方法是人体生物监测和研究各种污染物作用机理的有价值的工具。通过测量DNA和染色体损伤的不同方面，可以很容易地用于评估空气污染物引起的原发性DNA损伤和基因组不稳定性。根据我们的搜索,在选定的研究中(体外，动物模型,和人类生物监测)，我们发现,与对照组或未暴露组相比,室内空气污染物导致的DNA链断裂和染色体损伤水平普遍较高.总之,我们的系统回顾揭示了彗星的重要性，微核,和γ-H2AX测定作为评估不同室内空气污染物的DNA和基因组破坏潜力的敏感工具。此外,由于对家庭或公共建筑的室内空气污染水平及其对遗传物质的影响知之甚少，因此有必要进行这方面的研究。未来的研究应集中在调查复杂混合物中室内空气污染物对基因组的可能影响的研究，并将污染物与可能的健康结果联系起来。
