Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Dysmenorrhoea-Related Pelvic Pain (DRPP) is a common condition, which may or may not include bladder-related symptoms. Primary health care practitioners (PHCP) rely heavily on language for diagnosis of DRPP-related conditions. However, there are no established pain descriptors to assist PHCP to determine whether an individual\'s DRPP may include a bladder component.
OBJECTIVE: To identify differences in the use of pain descriptors in women with DRPP with and without a co-existing bladder pain component, through an exploratory study of the language of pelvic pain in women.
METHODS: A cross-sectional online survey of Australian and New Zealand women (n = 750, ages 18-49) who have self-identified pelvic pain. Free text and predetermined pain descriptors used by women with a self-perceived bladder pain component (DRPPB+, n = 468) were compared to those without bladder pain (DRPPB-, n = 282). Statistical analysis included Pearson χ2, logistic regression and analysis of variance tests using StataCorp Stata Statistical Software combined with qualitative data from AntConc concordance software.
RESULTS: Within free-form text, bloating (P = 0.014) and pressure (P = 0.031) were used more commonly to describe dysmenorrhoea in women with DRPPB+, while the word excruciating (P < 0.001) was more commonly used by women with DRPPB-. From a pre-determined list of descriptors, pounding (P < 0.001), tingling (P < 0.001), stabbing (P = 0.010), burning (P = 0.002) and cramping (P = 0.021) were more commonly used by women with DRPPB+, than women with DRPPB-.
CONCLUSIONS: Systematic patterns of word use should encourage practitioners to further enquire about bladder symptoms that may co-exist with dysmenorrhoea. Knowledge of these words may be useful in targeting diagnostic and therapeutic interventions.
OBJECTIVE: To identify differences in the use of pain descriptors in women with DRPP with and without a co-existing bladder pain component, through an exploratory study of the language of pelvic pain in women.
METHODS: A cross-sectional online survey of Australian and New Zealand women (n = 750, ages 18-49) who have self-identified pelvic pain. Free text and predetermined pain descriptors used by women with a self-perceived bladder pain component (DRPPB+, n = 468) were compared to those without bladder pain (DRPPB-, n = 282). Statistical analysis included Pearson χ2, logistic regression and analysis of variance tests using StataCorp Stata Statistical Software combined with qualitative data from AntConc concordance software.
RESULTS: Within free-form text, bloating (P = 0.014) and pressure (P = 0.031) were used more commonly to describe dysmenorrhoea in women with DRPPB+, while the word excruciating (P < 0.001) was more commonly used by women with DRPPB-. From a pre-determined list of descriptors, pounding (P < 0.001), tingling (P < 0.001), stabbing (P = 0.010), burning (P = 0.002) and cramping (P = 0.021) were more commonly used by women with DRPPB+, than women with DRPPB-.
CONCLUSIONS: Systematic patterns of word use should encourage practitioners to further enquire about bladder symptoms that may co-exist with dysmenorrhoea. Knowledge of these words may be useful in targeting diagnostic and therapeutic interventions.
摘要：
背景：痛经相关盆腔疼痛（DRPP）是一种常见病，可能包括或不包括膀胱相关症状。初级卫生保健从业人员（PHCP）严重依赖语言来诊断DRPP相关疾病。然而,没有确定的疼痛描述符来帮助PHCP确定个体的DRPP是否包括膀胱成分.
目的：为了确定有或没有共存膀胱疼痛成分的DRPP女性使用疼痛描述符的差异，通过对女性盆腔疼痛语言的探索性研究。
方法：一项针对澳大利亚和新西兰女性（n=750，年龄18-49岁）的横断面在线调查。具有自我感知膀胱疼痛成分的女性使用的自由文本和预定疼痛描述符（DRPPB+，n=468）与没有膀胱疼痛的患者（DRPPB-，n=282）。采用StataCorpStata统计软件结合AntConc一致性软件的定性数据进行Pearsonχ2、logistic回归和方差分析等统计分析。
结果：在自由格式文本中，腹胀（P=0.014）和压力（P=0.031）更常用于描述DRPPB+女性的痛经，而痛经这个词(P<0.001)更常用于患有DRPPB-的女性。从预定的描述符列表中，重击（P<0.001），刺痛（P<0.001），刺伤（P=0.010），灼烧（P=0.002）和抽筋（P=0.021）更常见于DRPPB+患者，而不是DRPPB-的女性。
结论：系统的单词使用模式应该鼓励医生进一步询问可能与痛经共存的膀胱症状。这些单词的知识可能有助于靶向诊断和治疗干预措施。
目的：为了确定有或没有共存膀胱疼痛成分的DRPP女性使用疼痛描述符的差异，通过对女性盆腔疼痛语言的探索性研究。
方法：一项针对澳大利亚和新西兰女性（n=750，年龄18-49岁）的横断面在线调查。具有自我感知膀胱疼痛成分的女性使用的自由文本和预定疼痛描述符（DRPPB+，n=468）与没有膀胱疼痛的患者（DRPPB-，n=282）。采用StataCorpStata统计软件结合AntConc一致性软件的定性数据进行Pearsonχ2、logistic回归和方差分析等统计分析。
结果：在自由格式文本中，腹胀（P=0.014）和压力（P=0.031）更常用于描述DRPPB+女性的痛经，而痛经这个词(P<0.001)更常用于患有DRPPB-的女性。从预定的描述符列表中，重击（P<0.001），刺痛（P<0.001），刺伤（P=0.010），灼烧（P=0.002）和抽筋（P=0.021）更常见于DRPPB+患者，而不是DRPPB-的女性。
结论：系统的单词使用模式应该鼓励医生进一步询问可能与痛经共存的膀胱症状。这些单词的知识可能有助于靶向诊断和治疗干预措施。
