Abstract：
Considering the significance of heavy metals in infertility and their reduction through natural and synthetic compounds, a comparative study of broccoli and levamisole in cadmium and lead poisoning was conducted. Male Wistar rats (48 in total) were divided into 8 groups. Control, cadmium, lead, levamisole, and broccoli were administered individually to groups 1-5, while groups 6-8 received combinations. Various measurements were taken, including final weight, testicular weight, and the GSI coefficient. Sperm parameters, spermatogenesis cell count, oxidative stress biomarkers, and apoptosis indices were assessed using ELISA kits and methods in testicular tissue. The results indicated that the GSI coefficient was lowest in group 2 and highest in group 4, showing a significant difference (P < 0.001). Sperm concentration peaked in group 1 and broccoli-treated ones, while motility was highest in group 5. Testicular cell counts and Johnson score were highest in groups 1 and 2, and lowest in cadmium-exposed groups. These differences were statistically significant at P < 0.01. Enzyme activities related to oxidative stress varied. Group 2 exhibited the highest catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, while glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels peaked in groups 1, 4, and 5. Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations were significantly reduced in the group 5 (P < 0.05). Apoptosis indices revealed that broccoli had the highest Bcl-2 levels and lowest Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, indicating its anti-apoptotic effect. Group 4 showed less efficacy compared to broccoli in protecting fertility indices. In conclusion, cadmium and lead significantly impact male fertility, while broccoli extract demonstrates promising efficacy in mitigating damage when compared to levamisole. This underscores its antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties.
摘要：
考虑到重金属在不育症中的重要性及其通过天然和合成化合物的减少，进行了西兰花和左旋咪唑在镉和铅中毒中的比较研究。雄性Wistar大鼠(共48只)分为8组。Control,镉,铅,左旋咪唑,和西兰花分别给予组1-5，而组6-8接受组合。进行了各种测量，包括最终重量，睾丸重量,和GSI系数。精子参数,精子发生细胞计数，氧化应激生物标志物，使用ELISA试剂盒和方法评估睾丸组织中的凋亡指数。结果表明，GSI系数在第2组最低，在第4组最高，差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）。第1组和西兰花处理组的精子浓度达到峰值，而第5组的运动性最高。睾丸细胞计数和Johnson评分在第1组和第2组中最高，在镉暴露组中最低。这些差异在P<0.01时具有统计学意义。与氧化应激相关的酶活性各不相同。第2组过氧化氢酶(CAT)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性最高,而谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）水平在第1、4和5组中达到峰值。丙二醛(MDA)浓度在第5组显著降低(P<0.05)。细胞凋亡指数显示，西兰花的Bcl-2水平最高，Bax/Bcl-2比例最低，表明其抗凋亡作用。与西兰花相比，第4组在保护生育力指数方面的功效较低。总之,镉和铅显著影响男性生育能力，而与左旋咪唑相比，西兰花提取物在减轻损伤方面表现出了有希望的功效。这强调了其抗氧化和抗凋亡特性。
