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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most prevalent malignant neoplasms in South Asia and a major public health problem in India. The purpose of the study was to identify correlations among various clinicopathological parameters of OSCC in a tertiary care center in the Eastern Uttar Pradesh population of North India. The study is imperative due to the scarcity of available data from this region.
METHODS: A retrospective observational study was conducted on the cases received in the Department of Pathology over the period of January 2021 to December 2021. The study analyzed cases of OSCC, focusing on various factors such as age, gender, habits, tumor site, tumor size, differentiation, tumor-stroma ratio, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, tumor budding, worst pattern of invasion, depth of invasion, perineural invasion, lymphovascular invasion, underlying bone and overlying skin involvement, regional lymph node metastasis, and overall two-year survival.
RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 47.80 ± 12.48 years, and the male-to-female ratio was 15.6:1. Buccal mucosa was the most frequently affected site followed by the tongue. Fifty-six percent of cases reported with a history of tobacco abuse. Thirty-six percent of the patients had regional lymph node metastasis and exhibited a strong association with younger age, substance abuse, higher tumor size, tongue as a site, moderate-to-poor tumor differentiation, low tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, and higher perineural and lymphovascular invasion. Moreover, at the end of the two-year survival analysis, 34% of patients succumbed to the disease. Overall survival was observed to be significantly better with <2 cm maximum tumor size, well-differentiated tumor morphology, higher tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, and no nodal metastasis.
CONCLUSIONS: The study highlights the intricate correlations of various histopathological factors in OSCC, shedding light on their potential implications for prognosis.
METHODS: A retrospective observational study was conducted on the cases received in the Department of Pathology over the period of January 2021 to December 2021. The study analyzed cases of OSCC, focusing on various factors such as age, gender, habits, tumor site, tumor size, differentiation, tumor-stroma ratio, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, tumor budding, worst pattern of invasion, depth of invasion, perineural invasion, lymphovascular invasion, underlying bone and overlying skin involvement, regional lymph node metastasis, and overall two-year survival.
RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 47.80 ± 12.48 years, and the male-to-female ratio was 15.6:1. Buccal mucosa was the most frequently affected site followed by the tongue. Fifty-six percent of cases reported with a history of tobacco abuse. Thirty-six percent of the patients had regional lymph node metastasis and exhibited a strong association with younger age, substance abuse, higher tumor size, tongue as a site, moderate-to-poor tumor differentiation, low tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, and higher perineural and lymphovascular invasion. Moreover, at the end of the two-year survival analysis, 34% of patients succumbed to the disease. Overall survival was observed to be significantly better with <2 cm maximum tumor size, well-differentiated tumor morphology, higher tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, and no nodal metastasis.
CONCLUSIONS: The study highlights the intricate correlations of various histopathological factors in OSCC, shedding light on their potential implications for prognosis.
摘要：
背景：口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）是南亚最常见的恶性肿瘤之一，也是印度的主要公共卫生问题。该研究的目的是确定印度北部北方邦人口的三级护理中心中OSCC的各种临床病理参数之间的相关性。由于该地区缺乏可用数据，因此这项研究势在必行。
方法：在2021年1月至2021年12月期间，对病理科接收的病例进行了回顾性观察性研究。该研究分析了OSCC的病例，关注各种因素，如年龄，性别,习惯,肿瘤部位，肿瘤大小,分化,肿瘤基质比，肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞，肿瘤出芽，最糟糕的入侵模式，入侵深度,神经周浸润,淋巴管浸润,下面的骨和上面的皮肤受累，区域淋巴结转移，和2年总生存率。
结果：患者的平均年龄为47.80±12.48岁，男女比例为15.6:1。颊粘膜是最常见的受影响的部位，其次是舌头。56％的病例报告有烟草滥用史。36％的患者有区域淋巴结转移，并表现出与年龄较小的强烈关联。药物滥用,肿瘤大小较大，舌头作为一个部位，中度至重度肿瘤分化，低肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞，和更高的神经周和淋巴血管侵犯。此外，在两年生存分析结束时，34%的患者死于该疾病。观察到肿瘤最大尺寸<2cm时，总生存期明显更好。分化良好的肿瘤形态学，较高的肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞，没有淋巴结转移.
结论：该研究强调了OSCC中各种组织病理学因素的复杂相关性，阐明它们对预后的潜在影响。
方法：在2021年1月至2021年12月期间，对病理科接收的病例进行了回顾性观察性研究。该研究分析了OSCC的病例，关注各种因素，如年龄，性别,习惯,肿瘤部位，肿瘤大小,分化,肿瘤基质比，肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞，肿瘤出芽，最糟糕的入侵模式，入侵深度,神经周浸润,淋巴管浸润,下面的骨和上面的皮肤受累，区域淋巴结转移，和2年总生存率。
结果：患者的平均年龄为47.80±12.48岁，男女比例为15.6:1。颊粘膜是最常见的受影响的部位，其次是舌头。56％的病例报告有烟草滥用史。36％的患者有区域淋巴结转移，并表现出与年龄较小的强烈关联。药物滥用,肿瘤大小较大，舌头作为一个部位，中度至重度肿瘤分化，低肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞，和更高的神经周和淋巴血管侵犯。此外，在两年生存分析结束时，34%的患者死于该疾病。观察到肿瘤最大尺寸<2cm时，总生存期明显更好。分化良好的肿瘤形态学，较高的肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞，没有淋巴结转移.
结论：该研究强调了OSCC中各种组织病理学因素的复杂相关性，阐明它们对预后的潜在影响。
