Abstract：
Pain experience increases individuals\' perception and contagion of others\' pain, but whether pain experience affects individuals\' affiliative or antagonistic responses to others\' pain is largely unknown. Additionally, the neural mechanisms underlying how pain experience modulates individuals\' responses to others\' pain remain unclear. In this study, we explored the effects of pain experience on individuals\' responses to others\' pain and the underlying neural mechanisms. By comparing locomotion, social, exploration, stereotyped, and anxiety-like behaviors of mice without any pain experience (naïve observers) and mice with a similar pain experience (experienced observers) when they observed the pain-free demonstrator with intraperitoneal injection of normal saline and the painful demonstrator with intraperitoneal injection of acetic acid, we found that pain experience of the observers led to decreased social avoidance to the painful demonstrator. Through whole-brain c-Fos quantification, we discovered that pain experience altered neuronal activity and enhanced functional connectivity in the mouse brain. The analysis of complex network and graph theory exhibited that functional connectivity networks and activated hub regions were altered by pain experience. Together, these findings reveal that neuronal activity and functional connectivity networks are involved in the modulation of individuals\' responses to others\' pain by pain experience.
摘要：
疼痛体验增加了个人对他人疼痛的感知和传染，但是疼痛经历是否会影响个人对他人的亲属关系或拮抗性疼痛的反应在很大程度上是未知的。此外,疼痛经历如何调节个体对他人疼痛的反应的神经机制仍不清楚。在这项研究中,我们探讨了疼痛体验对个体“对他人的反应”疼痛的影响以及潜在的神经机制。通过比较运动，社会,探索,刻板印象，和焦虑样行为的小鼠没有任何疼痛经验（幼稚的观察者）和小鼠具有类似的疼痛经验（有经验的观察者），当他们观察到无痛演示者与生理盐水的腹膜内注射和疼痛演示者与腹膜内注射乙酸，我们发现，观察者的痛苦经历导致对痛苦示威者的社交回避减少。通过全脑c-Fos量化，我们发现疼痛经历改变了小鼠大脑的神经元活动和功能连接增强。复杂网络和图论的分析表明，疼痛经历会改变功能连接网络和激活的枢纽区域。一起,这些发现表明，神经元活动和功能连接网络参与了个体通过疼痛体验对“对他人”疼痛的反应的调节。
