Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Long working hour is a known risk factor for metabolic diseases. We explored the association between working hours and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD).
METHODS: Data on working hours among 22,818 workers (11,999 females) from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013-2021) were used for this study.
METHODS: MASLD was defined as a combination of hepatic steatosis combined with one or more of cardiometabolic risk factors (overweight/obesity, prediabetes/diabetes, raised blood pressure, hypertriglyceridemia, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol). Hepatic steatosis was assessed using the hepatic steatosis index. Logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
RESULTS: The overall prevalence of MASLD was 30.4% in men and 18.1% in women. Among male workers, 20.2% worked ≥55 h/week, whereas among female workers, 10.1% worked ≥55 h/week. Compared with working 35-40 h/week, working ≥55 h/week was positively associated with overweight/obesity (OR: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.05-1.40), pre-diabetes mellitus (pre-DM)/DM (OR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.04-1.38), raised blood pressure (OR: 1.17; 95% CI: 1.02-1.35), and presence of any cardiometabolic risk factors (OR: 1.56; 95% CI: 1.21-2.02). The adjusted OR (95% CI) of the association between working hours and MASLD was 1.27 (1.09-1.47) for ≥55 h/week compared with working 35-40 h/week in male workers. In female workers, long working hours were not clearly associated with cardiometabolic risk factors and MASLD.
CONCLUSIONS: Long working hours are positively associated with MASLD among Korean male workers. Policy interventions are needed to mitigate the adverse metabolic effects of prolonged working hours.
METHODS: Data on working hours among 22,818 workers (11,999 females) from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013-2021) were used for this study.
METHODS: MASLD was defined as a combination of hepatic steatosis combined with one or more of cardiometabolic risk factors (overweight/obesity, prediabetes/diabetes, raised blood pressure, hypertriglyceridemia, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol). Hepatic steatosis was assessed using the hepatic steatosis index. Logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
RESULTS: The overall prevalence of MASLD was 30.4% in men and 18.1% in women. Among male workers, 20.2% worked ≥55 h/week, whereas among female workers, 10.1% worked ≥55 h/week. Compared with working 35-40 h/week, working ≥55 h/week was positively associated with overweight/obesity (OR: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.05-1.40), pre-diabetes mellitus (pre-DM)/DM (OR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.04-1.38), raised blood pressure (OR: 1.17; 95% CI: 1.02-1.35), and presence of any cardiometabolic risk factors (OR: 1.56; 95% CI: 1.21-2.02). The adjusted OR (95% CI) of the association between working hours and MASLD was 1.27 (1.09-1.47) for ≥55 h/week compared with working 35-40 h/week in male workers. In female workers, long working hours were not clearly associated with cardiometabolic risk factors and MASLD.
CONCLUSIONS: Long working hours are positively associated with MASLD among Korean male workers. Policy interventions are needed to mitigate the adverse metabolic effects of prolonged working hours.
摘要：
目的：长工作时间是已知的代谢性疾病的危险因素。我们探讨了工作时间与代谢功能障碍相关的脂肪变性肝病（MASLD）之间的关系。
方法：本研究使用了来自韩国国家健康和营养检查调查（2013-2021）的22,818名工人（11,999名女性）的工作时间数据。
方法：MASLD定义为肝性脂肪变性与一种或多种心脏代谢危险因素（超重/肥胖，前驱糖尿病/糖尿病，血压升高,高甘油三酯血症,低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇）。使用肝脂肪变性指数评估肝脂肪变性。Logistic回归用于估计比值比（ORs）和95％置信区间（CIs）。
结果：男性MASLD的总体患病率为30.4%，女性为18.1%。在男性工人中，20.2%工作时间≥55小时/周，而在女工中，10.1%工作时间≥55小时/周。与每周工作35-40小时相比，工作≥55小时/周与超重/肥胖呈正相关(OR:1.21;95%CI:1.05-1.40),糖尿病前期（DM前）/DM（OR：1.20；95％CI：1.04-1.38），血压升高（OR：1.17；95%CI：1.02-1.35），和存在任何心脏代谢危险因素（OR：1.56;95％CI：1.21-2.02）。与男性工人每周工作35-40小时相比，工作时间与MASLD之间的关联的校正OR（95％CI）为≥55小时/周的1.27（1.09-1.47）。在女工中,长工作时间与心脏代谢危险因素和MASLD无明显相关性.
结论：在韩国男性工人中，长时间工作时间与MASLD呈正相关。需要采取政策干预措施来减轻工作时间延长对代谢的不利影响。
方法：本研究使用了来自韩国国家健康和营养检查调查（2013-2021）的22,818名工人（11,999名女性）的工作时间数据。
方法：MASLD定义为肝性脂肪变性与一种或多种心脏代谢危险因素（超重/肥胖，前驱糖尿病/糖尿病，血压升高,高甘油三酯血症,低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇）。使用肝脂肪变性指数评估肝脂肪变性。Logistic回归用于估计比值比（ORs）和95％置信区间（CIs）。
结果：男性MASLD的总体患病率为30.4%，女性为18.1%。在男性工人中，20.2%工作时间≥55小时/周，而在女工中，10.1%工作时间≥55小时/周。与每周工作35-40小时相比，工作≥55小时/周与超重/肥胖呈正相关(OR:1.21;95%CI:1.05-1.40),糖尿病前期（DM前）/DM（OR：1.20；95％CI：1.04-1.38），血压升高（OR：1.17；95%CI：1.02-1.35），和存在任何心脏代谢危险因素（OR：1.56;95％CI：1.21-2.02）。与男性工人每周工作35-40小时相比，工作时间与MASLD之间的关联的校正OR（95％CI）为≥55小时/周的1.27（1.09-1.47）。在女工中,长工作时间与心脏代谢危险因素和MASLD无明显相关性.
结论：在韩国男性工人中，长时间工作时间与MASLD呈正相关。需要采取政策干预措施来减轻工作时间延长对代谢的不利影响。
