Abstract：
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant tumor originated from the nasopharynx epithelial cells and has been linked with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, dietary habits, environmental and genetic factors. It is a common malignancy in Southeast Asia, especially with gender preference among men. Due to its non-specific symptoms, NPC is often diagnosed at a late stage. Thus, the molecular diagnosis of NPC plays a crucial role in early detection, treatment selection, disease monitoring, and prognosis prediction. This review aims to provide a summary of the current state and the latest emerging molecular diagnostic techniques for NPC, including EBV-related biomarkers, gene mutations, liquid biopsy, and DNA methylation. Challenges and potential future directions of NPC molecular diagnosis will be discussed.
摘要：
鼻咽癌（NPC）是一种起源于鼻咽上皮细胞的恶性肿瘤，与EB病毒（EBV）感染有关。饮食习惯，环境和遗传因素。它是东南亚常见的恶性肿瘤，尤其是男性的性别偏好。由于其非特异性症状，NPC通常在晚期被诊断。因此，鼻咽癌的分子诊断在早期发现中起着至关重要的作用,治疗选择，疾病监测,和预后预测。这篇综述旨在总结NPC的现状和最新的新兴分子诊断技术，包括EBV相关的生物标志物，基因突变,液体活检,和DNA甲基化。将讨论NPC分子诊断的挑战和潜在的未来方向。
