PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Unhealthy lifestyles (high-fat diet, smoking, alcohol consumption, too little exercise, etc.) in the current society are prone to cause lipid metabolism disorders affecting the health of the organism and inducing the occurrence of diseases. Saponins, as biologically active substances present in plants, have lipid-lowering, inflammation-reducing, and anti-atherosclerotic effects. Saponins are thought to be involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism in the body; it suppresses the appetite and, thus, reduces energy intake by modulating pro-opiomelanocortin/Cocaine amphetamine regulated transcript (POMC/CART) neurons and neuropeptide Y/agouti-related peptide (NPY/AGRP) neurons in the hypothalamus, the appetite control center. Saponins directly activate the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway and related transcriptional regulators such as peroxisome-proliferator-activated-receptors (PPAR), CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBP), and sterol-regulatory element binding proteins (SREBP) increase fatty acid oxidation and inhibit lipid synthesis. It also modulates gut-liver interactions to improve lipid metabolism by regulating gut microbes and their metabolites and derivatives-short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), bile acids (BAs), trimethylamine (TMA), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), et al. This paper reviews the positive effects of different saponins on lipid metabolism disorders, suggesting that the gut-liver axis plays a crucial role in improving lipid metabolism processes and may be used as a therapeutic target to provide new strategies for treating lipid metabolism disorders.
摘要：
不健康的生活方式（高脂肪饮食，吸烟,酒精消费,运动太少,等。）在当前社会中容易引起脂质代谢紊乱，影响机体的健康，诱发疾病的发生。皂甙,作为植物中存在的生物活性物质，有降脂作用,减少炎症，和抗动脉粥样硬化作用。皂苷被认为参与体内脂质代谢的调节;它抑制食欲，因此，通过调节下丘脑中的pro-opiomelanocortin/可卡因苯丙胺调节转录本（POMC/CART）神经元和神经肽Y/agouti相关肽（NPY/AGRP）神经元来减少能量摄入，食欲控制中心.皂苷直接激活AMP激活蛋白激酶（AMPK）信号通路和相关转录调节因子，如过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体（PPAR），CCAAT/增强子结合蛋白（C/EBP），和固醇调节元件结合蛋白（SREBP）增加脂肪酸氧化并抑制脂质合成。它还通过调节肠道微生物及其代谢物和衍生物-短链脂肪酸（SCFA）来调节肠道-肝脏相互作用以改善脂质代谢，胆汁酸（BAs），三甲胺（TMA），脂多糖（LPS），etal.本文综述了不同皂苷对脂质代谢紊乱的积极作用,提示肠-肝轴在改善脂质代谢过程中起着至关重要的作用,可作为治疗靶点,为脂质代谢紊乱的治疗提供新策略。
