PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
This review aimed to synthesise existing literature on the efficacy of personalised or precision nutrition (PPN) interventions, including medical nutrition therapy (MNT), in improving outcomes related to glycaemic control (HbA1c, post-prandial glucose [PPG], and fasting blood glucose), anthropometry (weight, BMI, and waist circumference [WC]), blood lipids, blood pressure (BP), and dietary intake among adults with prediabetes or metabolic syndrome (MetS). Six databases were systematically searched (Scopus, Medline, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Cochrane) for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published from January 2000 to 16 April 2023. The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Quality Criteria were used to assess the risk of bias. Seven RCTs (n = 873), comprising five PPN and two MNT interventions, lasting 3-24 months were included. Consistent and significant improvements favouring PPN and MNT interventions were reported across studies that examined outcomes like HbA1c, PPG, and waist circumference. Results for other measures, including fasting blood glucose, HOMA-IR, blood lipids, BP, and diet, were inconsistent. Longer, more frequent interventions yielded greater improvements, especially for HbA1c and WC. However, more research in studies with larger sample sizes and standardised PPN definitions is needed. Future studies should also investigate combining MNT with contemporary PPN factors, including genetic, epigenetic, metabolomic, and metagenomic data.
摘要：
这篇综述旨在综合现有的关于个性化或精准营养(PPN)干预措施疗效的文献。包括医学营养治疗（MNT），在改善与血糖控制相关的结局方面(HbA1c，餐后葡萄糖[PPG]，和空腹血糖），人体测量学(体重，BMI,和腰围[WC])，血脂,血压（BP），糖尿病前期或代谢综合征（MetS）成人的饮食摄入量。系统地搜索了六个数据库(Scopus，Medline,Embase,CINAHL,PsycINFO,和Cochrane），用于2000年1月至2023年4月16日发表的随机对照试验（RCTs）。使用营养与饮食学会质量标准来评估偏倚的风险。七个RCT（n=873），包括五个PPN和两个MNT干预措施，包括持续3-24个月。在检查结果如HbA1c的研究中，报告了有利于PPN和MNT干预的一致和显著的改善，PPG,和腰围。其他措施的结果，包括空腹血糖,HOMA-IR,血脂,BP,和饮食，不一致。更长时间,更频繁的干预产生了更大的改善，特别是HbA1c和WC。然而,需要在样本量较大和PPN定义标准化的研究中进行更多研究。未来的研究还应研究将MNT与当代PPN因子相结合，包括遗传,表观遗传,代谢组学，和宏基因组数据。
