PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Understanding the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19, is crucial to comprehending disease progression and the significance of vaccine and therapeutic development. The emergence of highly contagious variants poses a significant challenge to humoral immunity, underscoring the necessity of grasping the intricacies of specific antibodies. This review emphasizes the pivotal role of antibodies in shaping immune responses and their implications for diagnosing, preventing, and treating SARS-CoV-2 infection. It delves into the kinetics and characteristics of the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 and explores current antibody-based diagnostics, discussing their strengths, clinical utility, and limitations. Furthermore, we underscore the therapeutic potential of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies, discussing various antibody-based therapies such as monoclonal antibodies, polyclonal antibodies, anti-cytokines, convalescent plasma, and hyperimmunoglobulin-based therapies. Moreover, we offer insights into antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, emphasizing the significance of neutralizing antibodies in order to confer immunity to SARS-CoV-2, along with emerging variants of concern (VOCs) and circulating Omicron subvariants. We also highlight challenges in the field, such as the risks of antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, and shed light on the challenges associated with the original antigenic sin (OAS) effect and long COVID. Overall, this review intends to provide valuable insights, which are crucial to advancing sensitive diagnostic tools, identifying efficient antibody-based therapeutics, and developing effective vaccines to combat the evolving threat of SARS-CoV-2 variants on a global scale.
摘要：
了解SARS-CoV-2（导致COVID-19的病毒）的抗体反应对于理解疾病进展以及疫苗和治疗开发的重要性至关重要。高度传染性变异的出现对体液免疫构成了重大挑战,强调掌握特异性抗体的复杂性的必要性。这篇综述强调了抗体在塑造免疫反应中的关键作用及其对诊断的意义。预防,和治疗SARS-CoV-2感染。它深入研究了SARS-CoV-2抗体反应的动力学和特征，并探讨了当前基于抗体的诊断方法，讨论他们的长处,临床效用，和限制。此外，我们强调了SARS-CoV-2特异性抗体的治疗潜力，讨论各种基于抗体的疗法，如单克隆抗体，多克隆抗体，抗细胞因子，恢复期血浆,和基于高免疫球蛋白的疗法。此外，我们提供了对SARS-CoV-2疫苗的抗体反应的见解，强调中和抗体的重要性，以赋予对SARS-CoV-2的免疫力，以及新兴的关注变体（VOC）和循环Omicron亚变体。我们还强调了该领域的挑战，例如SARS-CoV-2抗体的抗体依赖性增强（ADE）的风险，并阐明了与原始抗原性蛋白酶(OAS)效应和长期COVID相关的挑战。总的来说,这篇评论旨在提供有价值的见解，这对推进敏感的诊断工具至关重要，确定有效的基于抗体的疗法，并开发有效的疫苗，以应对全球范围内不断发展的SARS-CoV-2变种的威胁。
