PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The diagnosis of MS relies on a combination of imaging, clinical examinations, and biological analyses, including blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) assessments. G-Oligoclonal bands (OCBs) are considered a \"gold standard\" for MS diagnosis due to their high sensitivity and specificity. Recent advancements have involved the introduced of kappa free light chain (k-FLC) assay into cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum (S), along with the albumin quotient, leading to the development of a novel biomarker known as the \"K-index\" or \"k-FLC index\". The use of the K-index has been recommended to decrease costs, increase laboratory efficiency, and to skip potential subjective operator-dependent risk that could happen during the identification of OCBs profiles. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview and analysis of recent scientific articles, focusing on updated methods for MS diagnosis with an emphasis on the utility of the K-index. Numerous studies indicate that the K-index demonstrates high sensitivity and specificity, often comparable to or surpassing the diagnostic accuracy of OCBs evaluation. The integration of the measure of the K-index with OCBs assessment emerges as a more precise method for MS diagnosis. This combined approach not only enhances diagnostic accuracy, but also offers a more efficient and cost-effective alternative.
摘要：
MS的诊断依赖于影像学的组合，临床检查,和生物学分析，包括血液和脑脊液（CSF）评估。G-寡克隆条带（OCB）由于其高灵敏度和特异性而被认为是MS诊断的“金标准”。最近的进展涉及将无κ轻链（k-FLC）测定引入脑脊液（CSF）和血清（S），以及白蛋白商，导致开发一种称为“K指数”或“k-FLC指数”的新型生物标志物。建议使用K指数来降低成本，提高实验室效率，并跳过在OCB配置文件识别过程中可能发生的潜在的主观操作员相关风险。这篇综述旨在对最近的科学文章进行全面的概述和分析，重点关注MS诊断的更新方法，重点是K指数的实用性。大量研究表明，K指数表现出很高的敏感性和特异性，通常相当于或超过OCB评估的诊断准确性。K指数测量与OCB评估的整合成为MS诊断的更精确方法。这种组合方法不仅提高了诊断的准确性，而且还提供了更有效和更具成本效益的替代方案。
