PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Ticks are blood-feeding significant arthropods that can harbour various microorganisms, including pathogens that pose health risks to humans and animals. Tick-symbiont microorganisms are believed to influence tick development, but the intricate interactions between these microbes and the relationships between different tick-borne microorganisms remain largely unexplored.
RESULTS: Based on 111 tick pool samples presenting questing and engorged statuses including 752 questing tick and 1083 engorged tick from cattle and goats, which were collected in two types of geographic landscape (semi-desert and alpine meadow). We observed significant variations in the composition of tick-borne microorganisms across different environments and blood-engorgement statuses, with a pronounced divergence in symbionts compared to environmental bacteria. Metabolic predictions revealed over 90 differential pathways for tick-borne microorganisms in distinct environments and more than 80 metabolic variations in response to varying blood engorgement statuses. Interestingly, nine pathways were identified, particularly related to chorismate synthesis and carbohydrate metabolism. Moreover, microbial network relationships within tick-borne microorganism groups were highly distinct across different environments and blood-engorgement statuses. The microbial network relationships of symbionts involve some pathogenic and environmental microorganisms. Regression modelling highlighted positive correlations between the Coxiella symbiont and related pathogens, while some environmental bacteria showed strong negative correlations with Coxiella abundance. We also identified commensal bacteria/pathogens in bacterial cooccurrence patterns. Furthermore, we tested pathogenic microorganisms of each tick sample analysis revealed that 86.36% (1601/1855) of the tick samples carried one or more pathogenic microorganisms, The total carrier rate of bacterial pathogens was 43.77% ((812/1855). Most blood samples carried at least one pathogenic microorganism. The pathogens carried by the ticks have both genus and species diversity, and Rickettsia species are the most abundant pathogens among all pathogens.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings underscore that the bacterial pattern of ticks is dynamic and unstable, which is influenced by the environment factors and tick developmental characteristics.
RESULTS: Based on 111 tick pool samples presenting questing and engorged statuses including 752 questing tick and 1083 engorged tick from cattle and goats, which were collected in two types of geographic landscape (semi-desert and alpine meadow). We observed significant variations in the composition of tick-borne microorganisms across different environments and blood-engorgement statuses, with a pronounced divergence in symbionts compared to environmental bacteria. Metabolic predictions revealed over 90 differential pathways for tick-borne microorganisms in distinct environments and more than 80 metabolic variations in response to varying blood engorgement statuses. Interestingly, nine pathways were identified, particularly related to chorismate synthesis and carbohydrate metabolism. Moreover, microbial network relationships within tick-borne microorganism groups were highly distinct across different environments and blood-engorgement statuses. The microbial network relationships of symbionts involve some pathogenic and environmental microorganisms. Regression modelling highlighted positive correlations between the Coxiella symbiont and related pathogens, while some environmental bacteria showed strong negative correlations with Coxiella abundance. We also identified commensal bacteria/pathogens in bacterial cooccurrence patterns. Furthermore, we tested pathogenic microorganisms of each tick sample analysis revealed that 86.36% (1601/1855) of the tick samples carried one or more pathogenic microorganisms, The total carrier rate of bacterial pathogens was 43.77% ((812/1855). Most blood samples carried at least one pathogenic microorganism. The pathogens carried by the ticks have both genus and species diversity, and Rickettsia species are the most abundant pathogens among all pathogens.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings underscore that the bacterial pattern of ticks is dynamic and unstable, which is influenced by the environment factors and tick developmental characteristics.
摘要：
背景：蜱是以血液喂养的重要节肢动物，可以携带各种微生物，包括对人类和动物构成健康风险的病原体。蜱共生体微生物被认为会影响蜱的发育，但是这些微生物之间复杂的相互作用和不同蜱传微生物之间的关系在很大程度上仍未被探索。
结果：基于111个tick池样本，这些样本呈现了来自牛和山羊的752个questingtick和1083个gestedtick，收集在两种类型的地理景观（半沙漠和高山草甸）中。我们观察到，在不同的环境和血液充血状态下，蜱传微生物的组成存在显著差异，与环境细菌相比，共生体有明显的差异。代谢预测显示，在不同的环境中，tick传播的微生物有90多种差异途径，并且响应于不同的血液充血状态，有80多种代谢变异。有趣的是,确定了九种途径，特别是与分支酸盐合成和碳水化合物代谢有关。此外，在不同的环境和血液充血状态下,蜱传微生物群内的微生物网络关系非常不同.共生体的微生物网络关系涉及一些病原微生物和环境微生物。回归模型强调了柯西氏菌共生体与相关病原体之间的正相关关系，而一些环境细菌与柯西氏菌丰度呈强烈的负相关。我们还确定了细菌共生模式中的共生细菌/病原体。此外，我们对每个蜱样本的病原微生物进行检测分析，发现86.36%(1601/1855)的蜱样本携带一种或多种病原微生物，细菌性病原菌总携带率为43.77%(812/1855)。大多数血液样品携带至少一种病原微生物。蜱携带的病原体具有属和物种多样性，立克次体是所有病原体中最丰富的病原体。
结论：我们的发现强调了蜱的细菌模式是动态的和不稳定的，受环境因素和蜱虫发育特征的影响。
结果：基于111个tick池样本，这些样本呈现了来自牛和山羊的752个questingtick和1083个gestedtick，收集在两种类型的地理景观（半沙漠和高山草甸）中。我们观察到，在不同的环境和血液充血状态下，蜱传微生物的组成存在显著差异，与环境细菌相比，共生体有明显的差异。代谢预测显示，在不同的环境中，tick传播的微生物有90多种差异途径，并且响应于不同的血液充血状态，有80多种代谢变异。有趣的是,确定了九种途径，特别是与分支酸盐合成和碳水化合物代谢有关。此外，在不同的环境和血液充血状态下,蜱传微生物群内的微生物网络关系非常不同.共生体的微生物网络关系涉及一些病原微生物和环境微生物。回归模型强调了柯西氏菌共生体与相关病原体之间的正相关关系，而一些环境细菌与柯西氏菌丰度呈强烈的负相关。我们还确定了细菌共生模式中的共生细菌/病原体。此外，我们对每个蜱样本的病原微生物进行检测分析，发现86.36%(1601/1855)的蜱样本携带一种或多种病原微生物，细菌性病原菌总携带率为43.77%(812/1855)。大多数血液样品携带至少一种病原微生物。蜱携带的病原体具有属和物种多样性，立克次体是所有病原体中最丰富的病原体。
结论：我们的发现强调了蜱的细菌模式是动态的和不稳定的，受环境因素和蜱虫发育特征的影响。
