PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
As the most common foodborne disease, number of campylobacteriosis decreased in Germany with the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. As the consumption of fresh chicken meat is a major risk factor for human infection, this study investigated the relationship between Campylobacter contamination levels on chicken carcasses and human cases in Lower Saxony, Germany and observed fresh chicken meat consumption patterns between 2018 and 2021 including the time of the COVID-19 pandemic. Campylobacter levels in broilers and human cases were classified based on the median and descriptively analysed per week using contingency tables. Before the COVID-19 pandemic (2018 and 2019), high Campylobacter contamination levels on neck samples and many human cases were more present, whereas with the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic (2020 and 2021), low contamination levels on chicken carcasses and few human cases were more present. Lowest concordance between both parameters was shown in 2018 (Cohen\'s cappa coefficient: 0.37) and 2020 (0.38). The highest concordance was examined in 2021 (0.69). The private consumption of fresh chicken meat in Lower Saxony increased significantly with the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 by 63.9 tonnes compared to 2019 to an average of 453.5 tonnes per week. Public health measures and a reduced number of medical treatments have undoubtedly had an impact on less reported human cases during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, number of human cases remained at a low level in Germany in 2023 while chicken meat consumption increased. Thus, further risk assessments regarding the risk of campyloabcteriosis due to chicken meat consumption should include the country of origin, as the level of contamination of chicken carcasses varies between European countries.
摘要：
作为最常见的食源性疾病，随着2020年COVID-19大流行的开始，德国的弯曲杆菌数量减少。由于食用新鲜鸡肉是人类感染的主要危险因素，这项研究调查了下萨克森州鸡car体弯曲杆菌污染水平与人类病例之间的关系，德国观察了2018年至2021年的新鲜鸡肉消费模式，包括COVID-19大流行的时间。根据中位数和每周使用列联表进行描述性分析，对肉鸡和人类病例中的弯曲杆菌水平进行分类。在COVID-19大流行之前（2018年和2019年），颈部样本和许多人类病例的弯曲杆菌污染水平较高，而随着COVID-19大流行(2020年和2021年)的开始，鸡尸体的污染水平较低，人类病例很少。这两个参数之间的最低一致性显示在2018年(科恩的卡帕系数：0.37)和2020年(0.38)。2021年检查的一致性最高(0.69)。随着2020年COVID-19大流行的开始，下萨克森州的私人新鲜鸡肉消费量大幅增加，与2019年相比增加了63.9吨，平均每周为453.5吨。在COVID-19大流行期间，公共卫生措施和医疗治疗数量的减少无疑对报告较少的人类病例产生了影响。然而,2023年，德国的人类病例数保持在较低水平，而鸡肉消费量增加。因此，关于因食用鸡肉而导致的弯曲性蝶病风险的进一步风险评估应包括原产国，由于欧洲国家对鸡尸体的污染程度不同。
