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Abstract：
MicroRNA (miRNA), crucial non-coding RNAs, have emerged as key biomarkers in molecular diagnostics, prognosis, and personalized medicine due to their significant role in gene expression regulation. Salivary miRNA, in particular, stands out for its non-invasive collection method and ease of accessibility, offering promising avenues for the development of point-of-care diagnostics for a spectrum of diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and infectious diseases. Such development promises rapid and precise diagnosis, enabling timely treatment. Despite significant advancements in salivary miRNA-based testing, challenges persist in the quantification, multiplexing, sensitivity, and specificity, particularly for miRNA at low concentrations in complex biological mixtures. This work delves into these challenges, focusing on the development and application of salivary miRNA tests for point-of-care use. We explore the biogenesis of salivary miRNA and analyze their quantitative expression and their disease relevance in cancer, infection, and neurodegenerative disorders. We also examined recent progress in miRNA extraction, amplification, and multiplexed detection methods. This study offers a comprehensive view of the development of salivary miRNA-based point-of-care testing (POCT). Its successful advancement could revolutionize the early detection, monitoring, and management of various conditions, enhancing healthcare outcomes. This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > Biosensing Diagnostic Tools > Diagnostic Nanodevices.
摘要：
微小RNA(miRNA),关键的非编码RNA，已经成为分子诊断中的关键生物标志物，预后,和个性化医疗，因为它们在基因表达调控中的重要作用。唾液miRNA,特别是,以其非侵入性收集方法和易于访问而脱颖而出，为一系列疾病诊断的发展提供了有希望的途径，包括癌症,神经退行性疾病，和传染病。这样的发展保证了快速和精确的诊断，能够及时治疗。尽管基于唾液miRNA的检测取得了重大进展，挑战仍然存在于量化中，多路复用，灵敏度,和特异性，特别是对于复杂生物混合物中低浓度的miRNA。这项工作深入研究了这些挑战，重点是唾液miRNA测试的开发和应用，用于护理点使用。我们探索唾液miRNA的生物发生，并分析其定量表达及其在癌症中的疾病相关性，感染,和神经退行性疾病。我们还检查了miRNA提取的最新进展，扩增,和多路检测方法。这项研究提供了基于唾液miRNA的即时检测（POCT）的发展的全面视图。它的成功进步可以彻底改变早期检测，监测,和各种条件的管理，增强医疗保健成果。本文分类为：诊断工具>生物传感诊断工具>诊断纳米设备。
