Abstract：
Exposure to metals/metalloids is reported to potentially influence semen quality. While most studies have focused on single metal impacts, the link between exposure to multiple metals and semen quality has remained less explored. The study aimed to investigate the effects of both individual and mixed metal/metalloid exposure on semen quality. A total of 330 men were recruited from three reproductive centers in eastern China. Seminal plasma levels of 25 metals/metalloids and sperm parameters were determined. We used the Generalized Linear Model (GLM) and Restricted Cubic Spline (RCS) to assess the relationships between single metals/metalloids and semen quality. The weighted quantile sum (WQS) models were then applied to evaluate the combined effect of all these metals/metalloids. We observed positive associations of exposure to lithium (Li), zinc (Zn), and magnesium (Mg) with an increased risk of below reference values for progressive motility and total motility using a logistic regression model (P < 0.05). Additionally, our results also revealed a significant inverse relationship between aluminum (Al) and both sperm concentration and count, while cobalt (Co) demonstrated a positive association with sperm concentration (P < 0.05). Notably, the WQS model indicated a significant positive association between exposure to metal/metalloid mixtures and the risk of abnormal progressive motility (OR: 1.57; 95%CI: 1.10, 2.24) and abnormal total motility (OR: 1.53; 95%CI: 1.06, 2.19), with this association primarily driven by Li, Mg, and Zn. In summary, our findings indicate that exposure to metal/metalloid mixtures might have an adverse effect on semen quality.
摘要：
据报道，接触金属/类金属可能会影响精液质量。虽然大多数研究都集中在单一金属的影响，接触多种金属与精液质量之间的联系仍未被探索。该研究旨在研究单独和混合金属/准金属暴露对精液质量的影响。从中国东部的三个生殖中心共招募了330名男性。确定了25种金属/类金属的精浆水平和精子参数。我们使用广义线性模型（GLM）和受限三次样条（RCS）来评估单一金属/类金属与精液质量之间的关系。然后应用加权分位数和(WQS)模型来评估所有这些金属/准金属的组合效应。我们观察到锂（Li）暴露的正相关，锌(Zn),和镁（Mg），使用逻辑回归模型（P<0.05），渐进运动和总运动低于参考值的风险增加。此外,我们的结果还揭示了铝（Al）与精子浓度和数量之间的显着反比关系，钴(Co)与精子浓度呈正相关(P<0.05)。值得注意的是,WQS模型表明，暴露于金属/准金属混合物与异常进行性运动性（OR：1.57；95CI：1.10，2.24）和异常总运动性（OR：1.53；95CI：1.06，2.19）的风险之间存在显着正相关，这种联系主要由李推动，Mg,和Zn。总之,我们的研究结果表明，接触金属/准金属混合物可能会对精液质量产生不利影响。
