PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Chronic pain is a common disorder with enormous sociomedical importance. A major part of primary and secondary costs of illness is caused by the various pain syndromes. Nociception - the sensory perception of a painful stimulus - is a complex process relying on an intricate system of anatomical, neurophysiological and biochemical networks. This applies even more so to pain - the state of experiencing a nociceptive event, of interpreting it in terms of meaning for the affected individual and of suffering a range of emotions it elicits. This intricacy renders it obvious, that the empirical medical sciences alone cannot explain all aspects of pain. Hence, it has also become a focus of phenomenological research. One aspect of these investigations is the interaction of pain and the perception of the lived body\'s spatiality. The focus of this article will build on these concepts to develop a construct of the alteration of temporality caused by chronic pain and the effects this spells out for the affected subject. To this end, I will primarily draw on Merleau-Ponty\'s ideas of the lived body as well as on theories of enactivism and embodiment. I will also point out parallels to neuroscientific data, thereby demonstrating the proximity of phenomenology and neuroscience. A possible partial solution to the pain dilemma may be derived from psychology: techniques relying on cognitive behavioural intervention, awareness training, and existential analysis may provide alleviation to patients suffering from chronic pain.
摘要：
慢性疼痛是一种常见的疾病，具有巨大的社会医学意义。疾病的主要和次要成本的主要部分是由各种疼痛综合征引起的。伤害感受-疼痛刺激的感官知觉-是一个复杂的过程，依赖于复杂的解剖系统，神经生理和生化网络。这更适用于疼痛——经历伤害性事件的状态，根据受影响的个体的意义来解释它，并遭受它引发的一系列情绪。这种错综复杂使它变得显而易见，仅凭经验医学不能解释疼痛的所有方面。因此，也成为现象学研究的重点。这些研究的一个方面是疼痛和对活体空间性的感知的相互作用。本文的重点将建立在这些概念的基础上，以建立由慢性疼痛引起的时间性改变的结构，以及这对受影响的受试者的影响。为此,我将主要借鉴梅洛-庞蒂关于活体的思想以及积极主义和化身的理论。我还将指出与神经科学数据的相似之处，从而证明了现象学和神经科学的接近。疼痛困境的可能部分解决方案可能来自心理学：依靠认知行为干预的技术，意识培训,和存在分析可以缓解患有慢性疼痛的患者。
