PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Intestinal stem cells (ISCs) play a pivotal role in gut physiology by governing intestinal epithelium renewal through the precise regulation of proliferation and differentiation. The gut microbiota interacts closely with the epithelium through myriad of actions, including immune and metabolic interactions, which translate into tight connections between microbial activity and ISC function. Given the diverse functions of the gut microbiota in affecting the metabolism of macronutrients and micronutrients, dietary nutrients exert pronounced effects on host-microbiota interactions and, consequently, the ISC fate. Therefore, understanding the intricate host-microbiota interaction in regulating ISC homeostasis is imperative for improving gut health. Here, we review recent advances in understanding host-microbiota immune and metabolic interactions that shape ISC function, such as the role of pattern-recognition receptors and microbial metabolites, including lactate and indole metabolites. Additionally, the diverse regulatory effects of the microbiota on dietary nutrients, including proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals (e.g. iron and zinc), are thoroughly explored in relation to their impact on ISCs. Thus, we highlight the multifaceted mechanisms governing host-microbiota interactions in ISC homeostasis. Insights gained from this review provide strategies for the development of dietary or microbiota-based interventions to foster gut health.
摘要：
肠干细胞（ISC）通过精确调节增殖和分化来控制肠上皮的更新，在肠道生理学中起着关键作用。肠道微生物群通过多种作用与上皮紧密相互作用，包括免疫和代谢相互作用，这转化为微生物活性和ISC功能之间的紧密联系。鉴于肠道微生物群在影响大量营养素和微量营养素代谢方面的不同功能，膳食营养素对宿主-微生物群相互作用产生显著影响，因此,ISC的命运。因此,了解在调节ISC稳态中复杂的宿主-微生物群相互作用对于改善肠道健康至关重要。这里,我们回顾了在理解形成ISC功能的宿主-微生物群免疫和代谢相互作用方面的最新进展，例如模式识别受体和微生物代谢产物的作用，包括乳酸和吲哚代谢产物。此外,微生物群对膳食营养素的不同调节作用，包括蛋白质，碳水化合物,维生素,和矿物质（如铁和锌），对它们对ISC的影响进行了彻底的探讨。因此，我们强调了在ISC稳态中控制宿主-微生物群相互作用的多方面机制。从这篇综述中获得的见解为制定基于饮食或微生物群的干预措施以促进肠道健康提供了策略。
