PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has changed our lifestyle by imposing restrictions, such as physical distancing. The effect of COVID-19 prevalence on seasonal variations in glycemic control in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) remains unknown.
METHODS: This single-center retrospective cohort study evaluated glycemic control in patients with type 2 DM who visited Sugi Cardiovascular Hospital in December 2021. We evaluated the clinical findings of all patients treated regularly between March 1, 2019, and December 31, 2021, including the periods both before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. All the standard treatments were approved. Furthermore, seasonal changes in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were evaluated using stratified analyses based on age.
RESULTS: This study analyzed 86 patients (mean age, 69.6 ± 9.2 years; men, 57). Median HbA1c (National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program [Union of Clinical Chemistry]) levels in spring (March) were 7.70% (interquartile range (IQR):7.23%-8.30%) [60.6 mmol/mol (IQR:55.4-67.2 mmol/mol)], 7.35% (IQR:6.90%-7.90%) [56.8 mmol/mol (IQR:51.9-62.8 mmol/mol)], and 7.50% (IQR:7.10%-8.00%) [58.5 mmol/mol (IQR:54.1-63.9 mmol/mol)] in 2019, 2020, and 2021, respectively. During these periods, HbA1c levels and body mass index (BMI) revealed significant seasonal variations \"high in spring\" and \"low in autumn.\" Median HbA1c levels in spring (March) and autumn (September) were 7.86% [61.2 mmol/mol] and 7.48% [57.4 mmol/mol] in 2019 (P < 0.001), 7.50% [57.7 mmol/mol] and 7.17% [54.2 mmol/mol] in 2020 (P < 0.001), and 7.61% [58.3 mmol/mol] and 7.19% [53.8 mmol/mol] in 2021 (P < 0.001). Seasonal variations in HbA1c levels and BMI were maintained over the past 3 years, including the pandemic period. None of the patients in this study developed COVID-19 during the study period.
CONCLUSIONS: Seasonal variations in glycemic control in patients with DM were not influenced by lifestyle modifications associated with COVID-19. Maintenance of physical activity is necessary to prevent the development of sarcopenia. Moreover, seasonal variations in glycemic metabolism should be considered an independent factor for DM management. Additional extensive multifacility investigations are necessary to corroborate our findings.
METHODS: This single-center retrospective cohort study evaluated glycemic control in patients with type 2 DM who visited Sugi Cardiovascular Hospital in December 2021. We evaluated the clinical findings of all patients treated regularly between March 1, 2019, and December 31, 2021, including the periods both before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. All the standard treatments were approved. Furthermore, seasonal changes in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were evaluated using stratified analyses based on age.
RESULTS: This study analyzed 86 patients (mean age, 69.6 ± 9.2 years; men, 57). Median HbA1c (National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program [Union of Clinical Chemistry]) levels in spring (March) were 7.70% (interquartile range (IQR):7.23%-8.30%) [60.6 mmol/mol (IQR:55.4-67.2 mmol/mol)], 7.35% (IQR:6.90%-7.90%) [56.8 mmol/mol (IQR:51.9-62.8 mmol/mol)], and 7.50% (IQR:7.10%-8.00%) [58.5 mmol/mol (IQR:54.1-63.9 mmol/mol)] in 2019, 2020, and 2021, respectively. During these periods, HbA1c levels and body mass index (BMI) revealed significant seasonal variations \"high in spring\" and \"low in autumn.\" Median HbA1c levels in spring (March) and autumn (September) were 7.86% [61.2 mmol/mol] and 7.48% [57.4 mmol/mol] in 2019 (P < 0.001), 7.50% [57.7 mmol/mol] and 7.17% [54.2 mmol/mol] in 2020 (P < 0.001), and 7.61% [58.3 mmol/mol] and 7.19% [53.8 mmol/mol] in 2021 (P < 0.001). Seasonal variations in HbA1c levels and BMI were maintained over the past 3 years, including the pandemic period. None of the patients in this study developed COVID-19 during the study period.
CONCLUSIONS: Seasonal variations in glycemic control in patients with DM were not influenced by lifestyle modifications associated with COVID-19. Maintenance of physical activity is necessary to prevent the development of sarcopenia. Moreover, seasonal variations in glycemic metabolism should be considered an independent factor for DM management. Additional extensive multifacility investigations are necessary to corroborate our findings.
摘要：
背景：2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行通过施加限制改变了我们的生活方式，比如身体上的距离。COVID-19患病率对糖尿病（DM）患者血糖控制的季节性变化的影响尚不清楚。
方法：这项单中心回顾性队列研究评估了2021年12月在Sugi心血管医院就诊的2型DM患者的血糖控制。我们评估了2019年3月1日至2021年12月31日期间定期治疗的所有患者的临床发现，包括COVID-19大流行之前和之后的时期。批准了所有标准治疗。此外，使用基于年龄的分层分析评估血红蛋白A1c(HbA1c)水平的季节性变化.
结果：本研究分析了86例患者（平均年龄，69.6±9.2岁；男性，57).春季（3月）的中位数HbA1c（国家糖化血红蛋白标准化计划[临床化学联盟]）水平为7.70％（四分位距（IQR）：7.23％-8.30％）[60.6mmol/mol（IQR：55.4-67.2mmol/mol）]，7.35%(IQR:6.90%-7.90%)[56.8mmol/mol(IQR:51.9-62.8mmol/mol)],和2019年、2020年、2021年分别为7.50%（IQR：7.10%-8.00%）[58.5mmol/mol（IQR：54.1-63.9mmol/mol）]。在这些时期,HbA1c水平和体重指数（BMI）显示出明显的季节性变化“春季高”和秋季低。2019年春季（3月）和秋季（9月）的HbA1c中位数分别为7.86%[61.2mmol/mol]和7.48%[57.4mmol/mol]（P<0.001），2020年7.50%[57.7mmol/mol]和7.17%[54.2mmol/mol](P<0.001),2021年为7.61%[58.3mmol/mol]和7.19%[53.8mmol/mol](P<0.001)。在过去的3年中，HbA1c水平和BMI保持了季节性变化，包括大流行时期。在研究期间，本研究中的患者均未出现COVID-19。
结论：DM患者血糖控制的季节性变化不受与COVID-19相关的生活方式改变的影响。维持身体活动对于防止少肌症的发展是必要的。此外，血糖代谢的季节性变化应被视为DM管理的独立因素.需要进行更广泛的多设施调查以证实我们的发现。
方法：这项单中心回顾性队列研究评估了2021年12月在Sugi心血管医院就诊的2型DM患者的血糖控制。我们评估了2019年3月1日至2021年12月31日期间定期治疗的所有患者的临床发现，包括COVID-19大流行之前和之后的时期。批准了所有标准治疗。此外，使用基于年龄的分层分析评估血红蛋白A1c(HbA1c)水平的季节性变化.
结果：本研究分析了86例患者（平均年龄，69.6±9.2岁；男性，57).春季（3月）的中位数HbA1c（国家糖化血红蛋白标准化计划[临床化学联盟]）水平为7.70％（四分位距（IQR）：7.23％-8.30％）[60.6mmol/mol（IQR：55.4-67.2mmol/mol）]，7.35%(IQR:6.90%-7.90%)[56.8mmol/mol(IQR:51.9-62.8mmol/mol)],和2019年、2020年、2021年分别为7.50%（IQR：7.10%-8.00%）[58.5mmol/mol（IQR：54.1-63.9mmol/mol）]。在这些时期,HbA1c水平和体重指数（BMI）显示出明显的季节性变化“春季高”和秋季低。2019年春季（3月）和秋季（9月）的HbA1c中位数分别为7.86%[61.2mmol/mol]和7.48%[57.4mmol/mol]（P<0.001），2020年7.50%[57.7mmol/mol]和7.17%[54.2mmol/mol](P<0.001),2021年为7.61%[58.3mmol/mol]和7.19%[53.8mmol/mol](P<0.001)。在过去的3年中，HbA1c水平和BMI保持了季节性变化，包括大流行时期。在研究期间，本研究中的患者均未出现COVID-19。
结论：DM患者血糖控制的季节性变化不受与COVID-19相关的生活方式改变的影响。维持身体活动对于防止少肌症的发展是必要的。此外，血糖代谢的季节性变化应被视为DM管理的独立因素.需要进行更广泛的多设施调查以证实我们的发现。
