METHODS: Nineteen college runners were divided into control (n = 8) and training (n = 11) groups. Participants in the training group performed 12 sprint training sessions in 6 weeks, while those in the control group performed 12 distance training sessions. Before and after the interventions, maximal oxygen uptake (V˙O2max), O2 cost during submaximal running (290 m·min-1 and 310 m·min-1 of running velocity), and time to exhaustion (starting at 290 m·min-1 and increased 10 m·min-1 every minute) were assessed on a treadmill. Additionally, the 100-m and 400-m sprinting times and 3000-m running time were determined on an all-weather track.
RESULTS: In the control group, no measurements significantly changed after the intervention. In the training group, the time to exhaustion, 100-m and 400-m sprinting times, and 3000-m running time improved significantly, while V˙O2max and O2 cost did not change.
CONCLUSIONS: These results showed that 6-week sprint training improved both sprint and long-distance running performance in highly trained distance runners without a change in aerobic capacity. Improvement in the time to exhaustion without a change in V˙O2max suggests that the enhancement of long-distance running performance could be attributable to improved anaerobic capacity.
方法:将19名大学生跑步者分为对照组(n=8)和训练组(n=11)。训练组的参与者在6周内进行了12次冲刺训练,而对照组进行了12次距离训练。干预前后,最大摄氧量(V•O2max),次最大运行时的O2成本(运行速度为290m·min-1和310m·min-1),在跑步机上评估精疲力竭时间(从290m·min-1开始,每分钟增加10m·min-1)。此外,在全天候赛道上确定了100米和400米的冲刺时间和3000米的跑步时间。
结果:在对照组中,干预后测量值无明显变化.在训练组中,疲惫的时间,100米和400米冲刺时间,3000米的运行时间显著提高,而V·O2max和O2成本没有变化。
结论:这些结果表明,6周的短跑训练改善了高度训练的长跑运动员的短跑和长跑表现,而有氧能力没有变化。在没有V•O2max变化的情况下,耗尽时间的改善表明,长距离跑步性能的提高可能归因于厌氧能力的提高。