Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Long-distance running performance has been reported to be associated with sprint performance in highly trained distance runners. Therefore, we hypothesized that sprint training could enhance distance running and sprint performance in long-distance runners. This study examined the effect of 6-week sprint training on long-distance running and sprint performance in highly trained distance runners.
METHODS: Nineteen college runners were divided into control (n = 8) and training (n = 11) groups. Participants in the training group performed 12 sprint training sessions in 6 weeks, while those in the control group performed 12 distance training sessions. Before and after the interventions, maximal oxygen uptake (V˙O2max), O2 cost during submaximal running (290 m·min-1 and 310 m·min-1 of running velocity), and time to exhaustion (starting at 290 m·min-1 and increased 10 m·min-1 every minute) were assessed on a treadmill. Additionally, the 100-m and 400-m sprinting times and 3000-m running time were determined on an all-weather track.
RESULTS: In the control group, no measurements significantly changed after the intervention. In the training group, the time to exhaustion, 100-m and 400-m sprinting times, and 3000-m running time improved significantly, while V˙O2max and O2 cost did not change.
CONCLUSIONS: These results showed that 6-week sprint training improved both sprint and long-distance running performance in highly trained distance runners without a change in aerobic capacity. Improvement in the time to exhaustion without a change in V˙O2max suggests that the enhancement of long-distance running performance could be attributable to improved anaerobic capacity.
METHODS: Nineteen college runners were divided into control (n = 8) and training (n = 11) groups. Participants in the training group performed 12 sprint training sessions in 6 weeks, while those in the control group performed 12 distance training sessions. Before and after the interventions, maximal oxygen uptake (V˙O2max), O2 cost during submaximal running (290 m·min-1 and 310 m·min-1 of running velocity), and time to exhaustion (starting at 290 m·min-1 and increased 10 m·min-1 every minute) were assessed on a treadmill. Additionally, the 100-m and 400-m sprinting times and 3000-m running time were determined on an all-weather track.
RESULTS: In the control group, no measurements significantly changed after the intervention. In the training group, the time to exhaustion, 100-m and 400-m sprinting times, and 3000-m running time improved significantly, while V˙O2max and O2 cost did not change.
CONCLUSIONS: These results showed that 6-week sprint training improved both sprint and long-distance running performance in highly trained distance runners without a change in aerobic capacity. Improvement in the time to exhaustion without a change in V˙O2max suggests that the enhancement of long-distance running performance could be attributable to improved anaerobic capacity.
摘要：
目的：据报道，在训练有素的长跑运动员中，长跑表现与短跑表现相关。因此,我们假设冲刺训练可以提高长跑运动员的长跑和冲刺成绩.这项研究检查了6周短跑训练对训练有素的长跑运动员的长跑和短跑表现的影响。
方法：将19名大学生跑步者分为对照组（n=8）和训练组（n=11）。训练组的参与者在6周内进行了12次冲刺训练,而对照组进行了12次距离训练。干预前后，最大摄氧量（V•O2max），次最大运行时的O2成本(运行速度为290m·min-1和310m·min-1)，在跑步机上评估精疲力竭时间（从290m·min-1开始，每分钟增加10m·min-1）。此外,在全天候赛道上确定了100米和400米的冲刺时间和3000米的跑步时间。
结果：在对照组中，干预后测量值无明显变化.在训练组中,疲惫的时间，100米和400米冲刺时间，3000米的运行时间显著提高，而V·O2max和O2成本没有变化。
结论：这些结果表明，6周的短跑训练改善了高度训练的长跑运动员的短跑和长跑表现，而有氧能力没有变化。在没有V•O2max变化的情况下，耗尽时间的改善表明，长距离跑步性能的提高可能归因于厌氧能力的提高。
方法：将19名大学生跑步者分为对照组（n=8）和训练组（n=11）。训练组的参与者在6周内进行了12次冲刺训练,而对照组进行了12次距离训练。干预前后，最大摄氧量（V•O2max），次最大运行时的O2成本(运行速度为290m·min-1和310m·min-1)，在跑步机上评估精疲力竭时间（从290m·min-1开始，每分钟增加10m·min-1）。此外,在全天候赛道上确定了100米和400米的冲刺时间和3000米的跑步时间。
结果：在对照组中，干预后测量值无明显变化.在训练组中,疲惫的时间，100米和400米冲刺时间，3000米的运行时间显著提高，而V·O2max和O2成本没有变化。
结论：这些结果表明，6周的短跑训练改善了高度训练的长跑运动员的短跑和长跑表现，而有氧能力没有变化。在没有V•O2max变化的情况下，耗尽时间的改善表明，长距离跑步性能的提高可能归因于厌氧能力的提高。
