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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Despite the huge burden of sickle cell disease (SCD) among Nigerian children, the burden and outcome of respiratory illnesses remain undocumented. Thus, we aimed to describe the spectrum and outcome of respiratory illnesses among SCD childrenand adolescentadmissions in ten Nigerian tertiary hospitals.
METHODS: A retrospective review of the SCD admission records of children and adolescents with a confirmed diagnosis of respiratory illnesses from 2012 to 2021 in ten tertiary health facilities across five geopolitical zones in Nigeria was conducted. The data, collectedbetween March and June 2023, included the age, sex, diagnosis, complications, duration and outcome of hospitalization.
RESULTS: Of the 72,333 paediatric admissions, 7,256 (10.0%) had SCD; the proportion of SCD from the total admission ranged from 2.1 to 16.3% in the facilities. Of the 7,256 children and adolescents with SCD, 1,213 (16.7%) had respiratory morbidities. Lower respiratory disease was the most common (70.0%) respiratory entity and the majority were pneumonia (40.1.0%), followed by acute chest syndrome (26.7%). Seventeen (1.4%) patients died; all had lower respiratory diseases [(acute chest syndrome ACS (11, 64.7%), pneumonia; 5, 29.4%, and asthma (1, 5.9%). Based on the proportion of deaths among overall SCD, the 17 death cases contributed 9.4% (95% CI 5.9 to 14.5). Factors associated with deaths included duration of hospitalization less than 72 hours and lower respiratory tract diseases.
CONCLUSIONS: Sickle cell disease is a major contributor to hospitalization among Nigerian children and adolescents, with high respiratory morbidity and mortality. Pneumonia and acute chest syndrome were associated with mortality, andthe highest risk of death within the first 72 hours.
METHODS: A retrospective review of the SCD admission records of children and adolescents with a confirmed diagnosis of respiratory illnesses from 2012 to 2021 in ten tertiary health facilities across five geopolitical zones in Nigeria was conducted. The data, collectedbetween March and June 2023, included the age, sex, diagnosis, complications, duration and outcome of hospitalization.
RESULTS: Of the 72,333 paediatric admissions, 7,256 (10.0%) had SCD; the proportion of SCD from the total admission ranged from 2.1 to 16.3% in the facilities. Of the 7,256 children and adolescents with SCD, 1,213 (16.7%) had respiratory morbidities. Lower respiratory disease was the most common (70.0%) respiratory entity and the majority were pneumonia (40.1.0%), followed by acute chest syndrome (26.7%). Seventeen (1.4%) patients died; all had lower respiratory diseases [(acute chest syndrome ACS (11, 64.7%), pneumonia; 5, 29.4%, and asthma (1, 5.9%). Based on the proportion of deaths among overall SCD, the 17 death cases contributed 9.4% (95% CI 5.9 to 14.5). Factors associated with deaths included duration of hospitalization less than 72 hours and lower respiratory tract diseases.
CONCLUSIONS: Sickle cell disease is a major contributor to hospitalization among Nigerian children and adolescents, with high respiratory morbidity and mortality. Pneumonia and acute chest syndrome were associated with mortality, andthe highest risk of death within the first 72 hours.
摘要：
背景：尽管尼日利亚儿童患有镰状细胞病（SCD），呼吸系统疾病的负担和结果仍未被记录在案。因此，我们的目的是描述尼日利亚10家三级医院SCD儿童和青少年住院患者中呼吸系统疾病的频谱和结局.
方法：对2012年至2021年在尼日利亚五个地缘政治地区的十个三级医疗机构中确诊为呼吸系统疾病的儿童和青少年的SCD入院记录进行了回顾性回顾。数据，在2023年3月至6月之间收集，包括年龄，性别,诊断,并发症,住院时间和结果。
结果：在72,333名儿科住院患者中，7,256（10.0％）患有SCD；设施中SCD占总入院人数的比例为2.1％至16.3％。在7256名患有SCD的儿童和青少年中，1,213（16.7％）有呼吸道疾病。下呼吸道疾病是最常见的（70.0％）呼吸实体，大多数是肺炎（40.1％），其次是急性胸部综合征(26.7%)。17例（1.4％）患者死亡；所有患者均患有下呼吸道疾病[（急性胸部综合征ACS（11，64.7％），肺炎；5，29.4%，和哮喘（1，5.9%）。根据死亡在整个SCD中的比例，17例死亡病例的贡献率为9.4%(95%CI5.9~14.5).与死亡相关的因素包括住院时间少于72小时和下呼吸道疾病。
结论：镰状细胞病是尼日利亚儿童和青少年住院的主要原因，具有高的呼吸道发病率和死亡率。肺炎和急性胸部综合征与死亡率相关，在前72小时内死亡的风险最高。
方法：对2012年至2021年在尼日利亚五个地缘政治地区的十个三级医疗机构中确诊为呼吸系统疾病的儿童和青少年的SCD入院记录进行了回顾性回顾。数据，在2023年3月至6月之间收集，包括年龄，性别,诊断,并发症,住院时间和结果。
结果：在72,333名儿科住院患者中，7,256（10.0％）患有SCD；设施中SCD占总入院人数的比例为2.1％至16.3％。在7256名患有SCD的儿童和青少年中，1,213（16.7％）有呼吸道疾病。下呼吸道疾病是最常见的（70.0％）呼吸实体，大多数是肺炎（40.1％），其次是急性胸部综合征(26.7%)。17例（1.4％）患者死亡；所有患者均患有下呼吸道疾病[（急性胸部综合征ACS（11，64.7％），肺炎；5，29.4%，和哮喘（1，5.9%）。根据死亡在整个SCD中的比例，17例死亡病例的贡献率为9.4%(95%CI5.9~14.5).与死亡相关的因素包括住院时间少于72小时和下呼吸道疾病。
结论：镰状细胞病是尼日利亚儿童和青少年住院的主要原因，具有高的呼吸道发病率和死亡率。肺炎和急性胸部综合征与死亡率相关，在前72小时内死亡的风险最高。
