PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Cotton (Gossypium barbadense L.) is a leading fiber and oilseed crop globally, but genetic diversity among breeding materials is often limited. This study analyzed genetic variability in 14 cotton genotypes from Egypt and other countries, including both cultivated varieties and wild types, using agro-morphological traits and genomic SSR markers. Field experiments were conducted over two seasons to evaluate 12 key traits related to plant growth, yield components, and fiber quality. Molecular diversity analysis utilized 10 SSR primers to generate DNA profiles. The Molecular diversity analysis utilized 10 SSR primers to generate DNA profiles. Data showed wide variation for the morphological traits, with Egyptian genotypes generally exhibiting higher means for vegetative growth and yield parameters. The top-performing genotypes for yield were Giza 96, Giza 94, and Big Black Boll genotypes, while Giza 96, Giza 92, and Giza 70 ranked highest for fiber length, strength, and fineness. In contrast, molecular profiles were highly polymorphic across all genotypes, including 82.5% polymorphic bands out of 212. Polymorphism information content was high for the SSR markers, ranging from 0.76 to 0.86. Genetic similarity coefficients based on the SSR data varied extensively from 0.58 to 0.91, and cluster analysis separated genotypes into two major groups according to geographical origin. The cotton genotypes displayed high diversity in morphology and genetics, indicating sufficient variability in the germplasm. The combined use of physical traits and molecular markers gave a thorough understanding of the genetic diversity and relationships between Egyptian and global cotton varieties. The SSR markers effectively profiled the genotypes and can help select ideal parents for enhancing cotton through hybridization and marker-assisted breeding.
摘要：
棉花（GossypiumbarbadenseL.）是全球领先的纤维和油料作物，但是育种材料之间的遗传多样性通常是有限的。这项研究分析了来自埃及和其他国家的14种棉花基因型的遗传变异，包括栽培品种和野生类型，利用农业形态性状和基因组SSR标记。进行了两个季节的田间试验，以评估与植物生长相关的12个关键性状，产量组件，和纤维质量。分子多样性分析利用10个SSR引物产生DNA谱。分子多样性分析利用10个SSR引物来产生DNA谱。数据显示形态性状差异很大，埃及基因型通常表现出更高的营养生长和产量参数。产量表现最好的基因型是吉萨96，吉萨94和大黑铃基因型，而吉萨96、吉萨92和吉萨70的纤维长度排名最高，力量,和细度。相比之下,分子谱在所有基因型中都是高度多态性的，包括212个中82.5%的多态性带。SSR标记的多态性信息含量较高，范围从0.76到0.86。基于SSR数据的遗传相似性系数在0.58至0.91之间变化很大，聚类分析根据地理来源将基因型分为两个主要群体。棉花基因型在形态和遗传上表现出高度的多样性,表明种质有足够的变异性。物理性状和分子标记的结合使用使人们对埃及和全球棉花品种之间的遗传多样性和关系有了透彻的了解。SSR标记可以有效地分析基因型，并可以通过杂交和标记辅助育种帮助选择理想的亲本来增强棉花。
