Abstract：
Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is an opportunistic pathogen affecting about 1/3 of world population. While often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, it can lead to severe toxoplasmosis in immunocompromised patients. Recent research has unveiled a potential link between T. gondii infection and neuropsychiatric diseases. We implemented both a cohort study and a case control study to further identify this association. In the cohort study, we analyzed data from the UK Biobank database, which included 8814 individuals tested for T. gondii SAG1 antibodies and free of neuropsychiatric disorders at baseline. Among them, 22.52% (n = 1985) tested positive for SAG1 antibody. Over an average follow-up period of 12.26 years, Cox proportional hazards models and logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association between the SAG1 seropositivity at baseline and the incidence of schizophrenia (HR: 5.89; 95% CI: 1.69-20.53). In our case-control study, 239 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and 455 healthy individuals were involved. Using the modified agglutination test (MAT) to detect T. gondii antibodies, logistic regression analysis showed a higher prevalence of T. gondii infection among schizophrenia patients (10.04%) compared to healthy controls (3.74%). T. gondii infection emerged as a significant risk factor for schizophrenia (OR: 3.33; 95% CI: 1.68-6.61). However, our investigations did not reveal a robust association between T. gondii infection and other neuropsychiatric conditions, including Alzheimer\'s disease, dementia, anxiety, depression, neurodegenerative disorders, and peripheral neurological disorders such as neurological and plexus disorders.
摘要：
弓形虫(T.gondii）是一种机会性病原体，影响约1/3的世界人口。虽然免疫功能正常的个体通常无症状，它可以导致免疫功能低下患者的严重弓形虫病。最近的研究揭示了弓形虫感染和神经精神疾病之间的潜在联系。我们实施了一项队列研究和一项病例对照研究，以进一步确定这种关联。在队列研究中，我们分析了英国生物银行数据库的数据，其中包括8814名接受弓形虫SAG1抗体检测的个体，基线时没有神经精神疾病。其中,22.52%(n=1985)的SAG1抗体检测呈阳性。平均随访12.26年，Cox比例风险模型和逻辑回归分析显示，基线时SAG1血清阳性与精神分裂症发病率之间存在显著关联(HR:5.89;95%CI:1.69-20.53)。在我们的病例对照研究中,纳入239例精神分裂症患者和455例健康个体。使用改良的凝集试验（MAT）检测弓形虫抗体，logistic回归分析显示,精神分裂症患者弓形虫感染率(10.04%)高于健康对照组(3.74%).弓形虫感染是精神分裂症的重要危险因素（OR：3.33；95％CI：1.68-6.61）。然而,我们的调查没有揭示弓形虫感染与其他神经精神疾病之间的紧密关联，包括老年痴呆症,痴呆症,焦虑,抑郁症,神经退行性疾病，和周围神经疾病，如神经和神经丛疾病。
