UNASSIGNED: Fifty-one healthy elderly individuals (50-80 years of age) residing in an urban locality were selected for the study from the Tata Longitudinal Study of Aging cohort. Participants were divided into two groups: Active musicians trained in Carnatic music for more than five years (n = 18) and age-matched non-musicians (n = 33). Addenbrooke cognitive examination-III, Hindi mental status examination, and trail-making test-B (TMT-B) were used to assess cognitive functioning. A Generalized Linear Regression Model was performed including covariates such as gender, age, and years of education. We also looked at the available brain magnetic resonance imaging data of a subset of our study population to inspect the volumetric differences between musicians and non-musicians.
UNASSIGNED: Our results showed that musicians had significantly better visuospatial abilities as compared to non-musicians (P = 0.043). Musicians (130.89 ± 45.16 s) also took less time to complete the TMT-B task than non-musicians (148.73 ± 39.65 s), although it was not a statistically significant difference (P =0.150). In addition, brain imaging data suggested that musicians had increased gray matter volumes in the right precuneus, right post-central gyrus, right medial and superior frontal gyrus, right orbital gyrus, left middle temporal gyrus, left cuneus, left fusiform gyrus, and bilateral cingulate gyrus.
UNASSIGNED: Our findings are indicative of music being an important attribute in improving cognitive reserve and predicting cognitive resilience. These findings pave the way to explore the utility of non-pharmacological interventions, such as Music Therapy (especially Carnatic music in the Indian context), as a potential factor for improving cognitive reserve in elderly individuals.
■从Tata老龄化纵向研究队列中选择居住在城市地区的51名健康老年人(50-80岁)进行研究。参与者分为两组:在Carnatic音乐中接受过五年以上培训的活跃音乐家(n=18)和年龄匹配的非音乐家(n=33)。Addenbrooke认知检查-III,印地语精神状态检查,和跟踪测试B(TMT-B)用于评估认知功能。进行了广义线性回归模型,包括性别等协变量,年龄,和多年的教育。我们还查看了我们研究人群子集的可用脑磁共振成像数据,以检查音乐家和非音乐家之间的体积差异。
■我们的结果表明,与非音乐家相比,音乐家的视觉空间能力明显更好(P=0.043)。音乐家(130.89±45.16s)完成TMT-B任务的时间也比非音乐家(148.73±39.65s)少,虽然差异无统计学意义(P=0.150)。此外,大脑成像数据表明,音乐家在右前叶增加了灰质体积,右中央后回,右内侧和上额回,右眶回,左颞中回,离开了库尼乌斯,左梭状回,和双侧扣带回。
■我们的发现表明音乐是提高认知储备和预测认知弹性的重要属性。这些发现为探索非药物干预的效用铺平了道路,例如音乐疗法(尤其是印度背景下的卡纳提音乐),作为改善老年人认知储备的潜在因素。