PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Medieval Iberia witnessed the complex negotiation of religious, social, and economic identities, including the formation of religious orders that played a major role in border disputes and conflicts. While archival records provide insights into the compositions of these orders, there have been few direct dietary or osteoarchaeological studies to date. Here, we analysed 25 individuals discovered at the Zorita de los Canes Castle church cemetery, Guadalajara, Spain, where members of one of the first religious orders, the Order of Calatrava knights, were buried between the 12th to 15th centuries CE. Stable carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotope analyses of bone collagen reveal dietary patterns typical of the Medieval social elite, with the Bayesian R model, \'Simmr\' suggesting a diet rich in poultry and marine fish in this inland population. Social comparisons and statistical analyses further support the idea that the order predominantly comprised the lower nobility and urban elite in agreement with historical sources. Our study suggests that while the cemetery primarily served the order\'s elite, the presence of individuals with diverse dietary patterns may indicate complexities of temporal use or wider social interaction of the medieval military order.
摘要：
中世纪的伊比利亚见证了复杂的宗教谈判，社会,和经济身份，包括在边界争端和冲突中发挥重要作用的宗教秩序的形成。虽然档案记录提供了对这些订单组成的见解，迄今为止，很少有直接的饮食或骨考古研究。这里,我们分析了在ZoritadelosCanes城堡教堂墓地发现的25个人,瓜达拉哈拉,西班牙,最早的宗教秩序之一的成员，卡拉特拉瓦骑士团,被埋葬在公元12至15世纪之间。骨胶原的稳定碳（δ13C）和氮（δ15N）同位素分析揭示了中世纪社会精英的典型饮食模式，使用贝叶斯R模型，“Simmr”建议在这个内陆人口中饮食富含家禽和海鱼。社会比较和统计分析进一步支持这样一种观点，即该秩序主要包括与历史资料相符的下层贵族和城市精英。我们的研究表明，虽然墓地主要服务于该命令的精英，具有不同饮食习惯的个体的存在可能表明中世纪军事秩序的时间使用或更广泛的社会互动的复杂性。
