Abstract：
Diverse types of inhibitory interneurons (INs) impart computational power and flexibility to neocortical circuits. Whereas markers for different IN types in cortical layers 2-6 (L2-L6) have been instrumental for generating a wealth of functional insights, only the recent identification of a selective marker (neuron-derived neurotrophic factor [NDNF]) has opened comparable opportunities for INs in L1 (L1INs). However, at present we know very little about the connectivity of NDNF L1INs with other IN types, their input-output conversion, and the existence of potential NDNF L1IN subtypes. Here, we report pervasive inhibition of L2/3 INs (including parvalbumin INs and vasoactive intestinal peptide INs) by NDNF L1INs. Intersectional genetics revealed similar physiology and connectivity in the NDNF L1IN subpopulation co-expressing neuropeptide Y. Finally, NDNF L1INs prominently and selectively engage in persistent firing, a physiological hallmark disconnecting their output from the current input. Collectively, our work therefore identifies NDNF L1INs as specialized master regulators of superficial neocortex according to their pervasive top-down afferents.
摘要：
不同类型的抑制性中间神经元（IN）赋予新皮层回路计算能力和灵活性。尽管皮质层2-6（L2-L6）中不同IN类型的标记物有助于产生丰富的功能见解，只有最近对选择性标记(神经元源性神经营养因子[NDNF])的鉴定为L1(L1INs)中的INs开辟了可比较的机会.然而,目前，我们对NDNFL1IN与其他IN类型的连通性知之甚少，它们的输入输出转换，以及潜在的NDNFL1IN亚型的存在。这里,我们报道了NDNFL1INs对L2/3INs(包括小清蛋白INs和血管活性肠肽INs)的普遍抑制作用。交叉遗传学揭示了在共表达神经肽Y的NDNFL1IN亚群中相似的生理学和连通性。最后，NDNFL1IN突出并有选择地进行持续射击，生理标志将其输出与当前输入断开。总的来说，因此,我们的工作根据其普遍存在的自上而下的传入,将NDNFL1INs确定为浅表新皮层的专门的主要调节因子.
