PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
In the past few years, there has been an enormous increase in the application of artificial intelligence and its adoption in multiple fields, including healthcare. Forensic medicine and forensic odontology have tremendous scope for development using AI. In cases of severe burns, complete loss of tissue, complete or partial loss of bony structure, decayed bodies, mass disaster victim identification, etc., there is a need for prompt identification of the bony remains. The mandible, is the strongest bone of the facial region, is highly resistant to undue mechanical, chemical or physical impacts and has been widely used in many studies to determine age and sexual dimorphism. Radiographic estimation of the jaw bone for age and sex is more workable since it is simple and can be applied equally to both dead and living cases to aid in the identification process. Hence, this systematic review is focused on various AI tools for age and sex determination in maxillofacial radiographs. The data was obtained through searching for the articles across various search engines, published from January 2013 to March 2023. QUADAS 2 was used for qualitative synthesis, followed by a Cochrane diagnostic test accuracy review for the risk of bias analysis of the included studies. The results of the studies are highly optimistic. The accuracy and precision obtained are comparable to those of a human examiner. These models, when designed with the right kind of data, can be of tremendous use in medico legal scenarios and disaster victim identification.
摘要：
在过去的几年里,人工智能的应用及其在多个领域的应用有了巨大的增长，包括医疗保健。法医学和法医牙齿学使用AI具有巨大的发展空间。在严重烧伤的情况下，组织完全丧失,骨结构的完全或部分损失，腐烂的尸体,大规模灾难受害者识别，等。,需要及时识别骨性遗骸。下颌骨,是面部区域最强壮的骨头，高度抵抗过度的机械，化学或物理影响，并已广泛用于许多研究，以确定年龄和性二态。对颌骨进行年龄和性别的射线照相估计更可行，因为它很简单，并且可以同样地应用于死亡和活着的病例，以帮助识别过程。因此，本系统综述的重点是颌面部X线照片中用于年龄和性别确定的各种AI工具。数据是通过在各种搜索引擎中搜索文章获得的，2013年1月至2023年3月出版。QUADAS2用于定性合成，随后对纳入研究的偏倚风险进行Cochrane诊断测试准确性评价分析.研究结果非常乐观。获得的准确性和精密度与人类检查者相当。这些模型，当设计了正确的数据时，可以在医学法律场景和灾难受害者识别中发挥巨大作用。
