Abstract：
Micro/nanoplastics in aquatic environments is a noteworthy environmental problem. Zooplankton, an important biological group in aquatic ecosystems, readily absorb micro/nanoplastics and produce a range of toxic endpoints due to their small size. This review summarises relevant studies on the effects of micro/nanoplastics on zooplankton, including combined effects with conventional pollutants. Frequently reported adverse effects include acute/chronic lethal effects, oxidative stress, gene expression, energetic homeostasis, and growth and reproduction. Obstruction by plastic entanglement and blockage is the physical mechanism. Genotoxicity and cytotoxicity are molecular mechanisms. Properties of micro/nanoplastics, octanol/water partition coefficients of conventional pollutants, species and intestinal environments are important factors influencing single and combined toxicity. Selecting a wider range of micro/nanoplastics, focusing on the aging process and conducting field studies, adopting diversified zooplankton models, and further advancing the study of mechanisms are the outstanding prospects for deeper understanding of impacts of micro/nanoplastics on aquatic ecosystem.
摘要：
水生环境中的微/纳米塑料是一个值得注意的环境问题。浮游动物,水生生态系统中的重要生物群，容易吸收微/纳米塑料和产生一系列的毒性终点，由于它们的小尺寸。这篇综述总结了微/纳米塑料对浮游动物的影响的相关研究，包括与常规污染物的综合影响。经常报告的不良反应包括急性/慢性致死效应，氧化应激，基因表达，精力充沛的体内平衡，生长和繁殖。由塑料缠结和堵塞阻碍是物理机制。遗传毒性和细胞毒性是分子机制。微/纳米塑料的性能，常规污染物的辛醇/水分配系数，物种和肠道环境是影响单一和联合毒性的重要因素。选择更广泛的微米/纳米塑料，关注衰老过程并进行实地研究，采用多样化的浮游动物模型，进一步推进机制研究是深入理解微/纳米塑料对水生生态系统影响的突出前景。
