Abstract：
The cause of cancer is attributed to the uncontrolled growth and proliferation of cells resulting from genetic changes and alterations in cell behavior, a phenomenon known as epigenetics. Telomeres, protective caps on the ends of chromosomes, regulate both cellular aging and cancer formation. In most cancers, telomerase is upregulated, with the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) enzyme and telomerase RNA component (TERC) RNA element contributing to the maintenance of telomere length. Additionally, it is noteworthy that two viruses, human papillomavirus (HPV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), utilize telomerase for their replication or persistence in infected cells. Also, TERT and TERC may play major roles in cancer not related to telomere biology. They are involved in the regulation of gene expression, signal transduction pathways, cellular metabolism, or even immune response modulation. Furthermore, the crosstalk between TERT, TERC, RNA-binding proteins, and microRNAs contributes to a greater extent to cancer biology. To understand the multifaceted roles played by TERT and TERC in cancer and viral life cycles, and then to develop effective therapeutic strategies against these diseases, are fundamental for this goal. By investigating deeply, the complicated mechanisms and relationships between TERT and TERC, scientists will open the doors to new therapies. In its analysis, the review emphasizes the significance of gaining insight into the multifaceted roles that TERT and TERC play in cancer pathogenesis, as well as their involvement in the viral life cycle for designing effective anticancer therapy approaches.
摘要：
癌症的原因是由于遗传变化和细胞行为改变导致的细胞不受控制的生长和增殖。一种被称为表观遗传学的现象。端粒,染色体末端的保护帽，调节细胞老化和癌症形成。在大多数癌症中，端粒酶上调,端粒酶逆转录酶（TERT）和端粒酶RNA成分（TERC）RNA元件有助于维持端粒长度。此外,值得注意的是两种病毒，人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）和EB病毒（EBV），利用端粒酶在感染细胞中的复制或持久性。此外，TERT和TERC可能在与端粒生物学无关的癌症中起主要作用。它们参与基因表达的调节，信号转导途径，细胞代谢，甚至免疫反应调节。此外，TERT之间的串扰，TERC,RNA结合蛋白，和microRNA在更大程度上有助于癌症生物学。为了了解TERT和TERC在癌症和病毒生命周期中的多方面作用，然后开发针对这些疾病的有效治疗策略，是实现这一目标的基础。通过深入调查，TERT和TERC之间复杂的机制和关系，科学家将为新疗法打开大门。在分析中,该综述强调了深入了解TERT和TERC在癌症发病机制中发挥的多方面作用的重要性，以及它们参与病毒生命周期以设计有效的抗癌治疗方法。
