Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Muscular strength and body composition are important components of health-related fitness (HRF). Grip strength and body fat percent, in particular, are associated with chronic disease and affected by health behaviours. Evidence suggests relationships between the neighbourhood built environment (BE) and HRF exist, however, few studies have focused on grip strength and body fat percent. Therefore, our study aimed to estimate the sex-specific associations between the neighbourhood BE, grip strength, and body fat percent among urban-dwelling Canadian adults.
METHODS: We analyzed cross-sectional survey and HRF data collected in 2011-2015 from 4052 males and 7841 females (Alberta\'s Tomorrow Project, Canada). Grip strength and body fat percent were measured via handgrip dynamometry and bioelectrical impedance analysis, respectively. Walkability (Canadian Active Living Index) and greenness (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) estimates were linked to participant data. Sex-stratified covariate-adjusted linear regression models estimated the associations between the BE and HRF variables.
RESULTS: Walkability was negatively associated with grip strength and body fat percent in males (β -0.21, 95%CI: -0.31 to -0.11 and β -0.08, 95%CI: -0.15 to -0.02, respectively) and females (β -0.06, 95%CI: -0.10 to -0.01 and β -0.08, 95%CI: -0.14 to -0.02, respectively). Greenness was positively associated with grip strength in males (β 6.99, 95%CI: 3.62 to 10.36) and females (β 2.72, 95%CI: 1.22 to 4.22) but not with body fat percent. Controlling for physical activity and sitting did not attenuate these associations.
CONCLUSIONS: Characteristics of the neighbourhood BE appear to be associated with muscular strength and body composition, independent of physical activity and sedentary behaviour.
METHODS: We analyzed cross-sectional survey and HRF data collected in 2011-2015 from 4052 males and 7841 females (Alberta\'s Tomorrow Project, Canada). Grip strength and body fat percent were measured via handgrip dynamometry and bioelectrical impedance analysis, respectively. Walkability (Canadian Active Living Index) and greenness (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) estimates were linked to participant data. Sex-stratified covariate-adjusted linear regression models estimated the associations between the BE and HRF variables.
RESULTS: Walkability was negatively associated with grip strength and body fat percent in males (β -0.21, 95%CI: -0.31 to -0.11 and β -0.08, 95%CI: -0.15 to -0.02, respectively) and females (β -0.06, 95%CI: -0.10 to -0.01 and β -0.08, 95%CI: -0.14 to -0.02, respectively). Greenness was positively associated with grip strength in males (β 6.99, 95%CI: 3.62 to 10.36) and females (β 2.72, 95%CI: 1.22 to 4.22) but not with body fat percent. Controlling for physical activity and sitting did not attenuate these associations.
CONCLUSIONS: Characteristics of the neighbourhood BE appear to be associated with muscular strength and body composition, independent of physical activity and sedentary behaviour.
摘要：
目的：肌肉力量和身体成分是健康相关健身（HRF）的重要组成部分。握力和身体脂肪百分比，特别是,与慢性疾病相关，并受到健康行为的影响。证据表明，邻里建筑环境(BE)和HRF之间存在关系，然而,很少有研究关注握力和体脂百分比。因此,我们的研究旨在估计邻里之间的性别特异性关联，握力,和居住在城市的加拿大成年人的体脂百分比。
方法：我们分析了2011-2015年从4052名男性和7841名女性收集的横断面调查和HRF数据（艾伯塔省的明天项目，加拿大)。通过手握测力和生物电阻抗分析测量握力和体脂百分比，分别。可步行性（加拿大活动生活指数）和绿色度（归一化植被指数）估计与参与者数据相关。性别分层协变量调整线性回归模型估计了BE和HRF变量之间的关联。
结果：步行能力与男性（分别为β-0.21，95CI：-0.31至-0.11和β-0.08，95CI：-0.15至-0.02）和女性（分别为β-0.06，95CI：-0.10至-0.01和β-0.08，95CI：-0.14至-0.02）的握力和体脂百分比呈负相关。绿色与男性（β6.99，95CI：3.62至10.36）和女性（β2.72，95CI：1.22至4.22）的握力呈正相关，但与体脂百分比无关。控制身体活动和坐着并没有减弱这些关联。
结论：邻居BE的特征似乎与肌肉力量和身体成分有关，独立于身体活动和久坐行为。
方法：我们分析了2011-2015年从4052名男性和7841名女性收集的横断面调查和HRF数据（艾伯塔省的明天项目，加拿大)。通过手握测力和生物电阻抗分析测量握力和体脂百分比，分别。可步行性（加拿大活动生活指数）和绿色度（归一化植被指数）估计与参与者数据相关。性别分层协变量调整线性回归模型估计了BE和HRF变量之间的关联。
结果：步行能力与男性（分别为β-0.21，95CI：-0.31至-0.11和β-0.08，95CI：-0.15至-0.02）和女性（分别为β-0.06，95CI：-0.10至-0.01和β-0.08，95CI：-0.14至-0.02）的握力和体脂百分比呈负相关。绿色与男性（β6.99，95CI：3.62至10.36）和女性（β2.72，95CI：1.22至4.22）的握力呈正相关，但与体脂百分比无关。控制身体活动和坐着并没有减弱这些关联。
结论：邻居BE的特征似乎与肌肉力量和身体成分有关，独立于身体活动和久坐行为。
