Abstract：
Actinomycetes are predominantly pathogenic bacteria that lack aerial hyphae and do not form spores. They are generally anaerobic or facultative anaerobic Gram-positive bacteria, belonging to the prokaryotic group. Actinomycetes are widely distributed in nature, similar to other bacteria, and are mostly saprophytic, with a few being parasitic. They are named as such due to their colony\'s radial form. The symptoms and signs of actinomycosis are atypical and rarely manifest in the nasopharynx. Consequently, it can be challenging to distinguish actinomycosis from nasopharyngeal carcinoma, making diagnosis difficult. Histopathology is usually relied upon for diagnosis, although culture may pose challenges. Fortunately, actinomycetes are highly sensitive to penicillin. Therefore, timely treatment with high doses of penicillin is crucial for successful recovery. In this case study, we present the details of a 53-year-old female patient with no history of mucosal damage or tooth decay but with a previous partial thyroidectomy. The patient experienced recurring neck pain accompanied by progressive limitation of neck movement. Nasopharyngoscopy revealed the presence of a smooth-surfaced mass. Subsequent biopsy, clinical imaging, microbiological analysis, and histological findings confirmed the diagnosis of actinomycosis.Following a comprehensive treatment plan involving a combination of penicillin and doxycycline for a duration of two months, the disease was successfully eradicated.
摘要：
放线菌主要是病原菌，缺乏气生菌丝，不形成孢子。它们通常是厌氧或兼性厌氧革兰氏阳性菌，属于原核生物。放线菌在自然界中分布广泛,与其他细菌相似，大部分是腐生的，有一些是寄生的。由于它们的菌落的放射状形式，它们被这样命名。放线菌病的症状和体征不典型，很少出现在鼻咽部。因此,将放线菌病与鼻咽癌区分开来可能具有挑战性，使诊断变得困难。通常依靠组织病理学来诊断，虽然文化可能会带来挑战。幸运的是,放线菌对青霉素高度敏感。因此,高剂量青霉素的及时治疗对于成功康复至关重要。在这个案例研究中,我们介绍了1例53岁女性患者的细节,该患者没有粘膜损伤或蛀牙病史,但曾进行过甲状腺部分切除术.患者经历了反复出现的颈部疼痛，并伴有颈部运动的进行性限制。鼻咽镜检查显示存在表面光滑的肿块。随后的活检,临床影像学,微生物分析,组织学检查结果证实了放线菌病的诊断。遵循包括青霉素和强力霉素联合治疗两个月的综合治疗计划，这种疾病被成功根除。
