Abstract：
Adults with Intellectual Disability who show severe challenging behaviour need intensive individual support. If intensive support proves to be insufficient, extra intensive support can be provided in the Netherlands, which is characterized by more time for individual care. The present study evaluates the impact of extra intensive support over time. Client characteristics of adults receiving intensive support (IS, N=70) or extra intensive support (IS+, N=35) are compared and the impact of provided support on challenging behaviour (Developmental Behaviour Checklist-Adults), adaptive behaviour (Vineland II), and Quality of Life (San Martin Scale) is evaluated over a three years period. Compared to adults receiving intensive support, those receiving extra intensive support initially showed higher intensity of challenging behaviour, higher number of mental health diagnoses and stronger focus on goals to reduce challenging behaviour. Over time, intensity of challenging behaviour decreased in adults receiving extra intensive support, although Quality of Life and adaptive functioning did not improve. Results show that the indications for receiving extra intensive support are clear and that the extra support is effective over time. It is concluded that extra individual support is serving those who need this support.
摘要：
表现出严重挑战性行为的智力残疾成年人需要大量的个人支持。如果密集的支持被证明是不够的，可以在荷兰提供额外的密集支持，其特点是更多的时间用于个人护理。本研究评估了一段时间内额外密集支持的影响。接受密集支持的成年人的客户特征(IS，N=70)或额外的密集支持(IS+，N=35）进行比较，并提供支持对挑战性行为的影响（成人发展行为清单），适应行为(VinelandII)，和生活质量(圣马丁量表)在三年内进行评估。与接受密集支持的成年人相比，那些接受额外密集支持的人最初表现出更高的挑战行为强度，更多的心理健康诊断和更多的关注目标，以减少挑战性行为。随着时间的推移,在接受额外密集支持的成年人中，挑战性行为的强度降低，虽然生活质量和适应性功能没有改善。结果表明，接受额外密集支持的迹象是明确的，并且随着时间的推移，额外的支持是有效的。结论是，额外的个人支持正在为需要这种支持的人服务。
