Abstract：
Catathrenia is a loud expiratory moan during sleep that is a social embarrassment and is sometimes confused with central apnea on polysomnography. It affects about 4% of adults, but cases are rarely referred to sleep centers. Catathrenia affects males and females, children and adults, who are usually young and thin. A \"typical\" catathrenia begins with a deep inhalation, followed by a long, noisy exhalation, then a short, more pronounced exhalation, followed by another deep inhalation, often accompanied by arousal. The many harmonics of the sound indicate that it is produced by the vocal cords. It is often repeated in clusters, especially during REM sleep and at the end of the night. It does not disturb the sleepers, but their neighbors, and is associated with excessive daytime sleepiness in one-third of cases. The pathophysiology and treatment of typical catathrenia are still unknown. Later, a more atypical catathrenia was described, consisting of episodes of short (2 s), regular, semi-continuous expiratory moans during NREM sleep (mainly in stages N1 and N2) and REM sleep, often in people with mild upper airway obstruction. This atypical catathrenia is more commonly reduced by positive airway pressure and mandibular advancement devices that promote vertical opening.
摘要：
Catathrenia是睡眠期间大声的呼气呻吟，这是一种社交尴尬，有时在多导睡眠图上与中枢呼吸暂停混淆。它影响了大约4%的成年人，但病例很少提到睡眠中心。Catathrenia影响男性和女性，儿童和成人,他们通常又年轻又瘦。“典型的”性心动过速始于深度吸入，接着是一个漫长的，嘈杂的呼气，然后简短的，更明显的呼气，接着是另一次深度吸入，经常伴随着唤醒。声音的许多谐波表明它是由声带产生的。它经常在集群中重复，特别是在REM睡眠和深夜。它不会打扰睡眠者，但他们的邻居,并且在三分之一的病例中与白天过度嗜睡有关。目前尚不清楚典型帕金森病的病理生理学和治疗方法。稍后，描述了一种更不典型的传染病，由短(2秒)的情节组成，常规,NREM睡眠（主要在N1和N2阶段）和REM睡眠期间的半连续呼气呻吟，常发生于轻度上呼吸道阻塞的患者。气道正压通气和促进垂直开放的下颌前移装置更常见地减少了这种非典型的疾病。
