Abstract：
There is growing interest in incorporating metabolomics into public health practice. However, Black women are under-represented in many metabolomics studies. If metabolomic profiles differ between Black and White women, this under-representation may exacerbate existing Black-White health disparities. We therefore aimed to estimate metabolomic differences between Black and White women in the U.S. We leveraged data from two prospective cohorts: the Nurses\' Health Study (NHS; n = 2077) and Women\'s Health Initiative (WHI; n = 2128). The WHI served as the replication cohort. Plasma metabolites (n = 334) were measured via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Observed metabolomic differences were estimated using linear regression and metabolite set enrichment analyses. Residual metabolomic differences in a hypothetical population in which the distributions of 14 risk factors were equalized across racial groups were estimated using inverse odds ratio weighting. In the NHS, Black-White differences were observed for most metabolites (75 metabolites with observed differences ≥ |0.50| standard deviations). Black women had lower average levels than White women for most metabolites (e.g., for N6, N6-dimethlylysine, mean Black-White difference = - 0.98 standard deviations; 95% CI: - 1.11, - 0.84). In metabolite set enrichment analyses, Black women had lower levels of triglycerides, phosphatidylcholines, lysophosphatidylethanolamines, phosphatidylethanolamines, and organoheterocyclic compounds, but higher levels of phosphatidylethanolamine plasmalogens, phosphatidylcholine plasmalogens, cholesteryl esters, and carnitines. In a hypothetical population in which distributions of 14 risk factors were equalized, Black-White metabolomic differences persisted. Most results replicated in the WHI (88% of 272 metabolites available for replication). Substantial differences in metabolomic profiles exist between Black and White women. Future studies should prioritize racial representation.
摘要：
将代谢组学纳入公共卫生实践的兴趣日益浓厚。然而,黑人女性在许多代谢组学研究中的代表性不足。如果黑人和白人女性的代谢组学特征不同，这种代表性不足可能会加剧现有的黑白健康差距。因此，我们旨在估计美国黑人和白人女性之间的代谢差异我们利用来自两个前瞻性队列的数据：护士健康研究（NHS；n=2077）和妇女健康倡议（WHI；n=2128）。WHI用作复制队列。通过液相色谱-串联质谱法测量血浆代谢物(n=334)。使用线性回归和代谢物集富集分析估计观察到的代谢组学差异。使用逆比值比加权估计了假设人群中14个危险因素在种族群体中的分布相等的残余代谢组学差异。在NHS中，对于大多数代谢物观察到黑白差异(75种代谢物,观察到差异≥|0.50|标准偏差)。黑人女性在大多数代谢物方面的平均水平低于白人女性(例如，对于N6，N6-二甲基赖氨酸，平均黑白差=-0.98标准偏差；95%CI：-1.11，-0.84)。在代谢物集富集分析中，黑人妇女的甘油三酯水平较低，磷脂酰胆碱,溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺，磷脂酰乙醇胺，和有机杂环化合物，但是磷脂酰乙醇胺的含量更高，磷脂酰胆碱，胆固醇酯，和肉碱。在一个假设的人群中，14个危险因素的分布是相等的，黑白代谢组学差异持续存在。大多数结果在WHI中复制(88%的272个代谢物可用于复制)。黑人和白人女性之间存在代谢组学特征的实质性差异。未来的研究应该优先考虑种族代表性。
