Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Time is often perceived as a barrier to shared decision making in cancer care. It remains unclear how time functions as a barrier and how it could be most effectively utilized.
OBJECTIVE: This scoping review aimed to describe the role of time in patient involvement, and identify strategies to overcome time-related barriers.
METHODS: Seven databases were searched for any publications on patient involvement in cancer treatment decisions, focusing on how time is used to involve patients, the association between time and patient involvement, and/or strategies to overcome time-related barriers. Reviewers worked independently and in duplicate to select publications and extract data. One coder thematically analyzed data, a second coder checked these analyses.
RESULTS: The analysis of 26 eligible publications revealed four themes. Time was a resource 1) to process the diagnosis, 2) to obtain/process/consider information, 3) for patients and clinicians to spend together, and 4) for patient involvement in making decisions.
CONCLUSIONS: Time is a resource throughout the treatment decision-making process, and generic strategies have been proposed to overcome time constraints.
UNASSIGNED: Clinicians could co-create decision-making timelines with patients, spread decisions across several consultations, share written information with patients, and support healthcare redesigns that allocate the necessary time.
OBJECTIVE: This scoping review aimed to describe the role of time in patient involvement, and identify strategies to overcome time-related barriers.
METHODS: Seven databases were searched for any publications on patient involvement in cancer treatment decisions, focusing on how time is used to involve patients, the association between time and patient involvement, and/or strategies to overcome time-related barriers. Reviewers worked independently and in duplicate to select publications and extract data. One coder thematically analyzed data, a second coder checked these analyses.
RESULTS: The analysis of 26 eligible publications revealed four themes. Time was a resource 1) to process the diagnosis, 2) to obtain/process/consider information, 3) for patients and clinicians to spend together, and 4) for patient involvement in making decisions.
CONCLUSIONS: Time is a resource throughout the treatment decision-making process, and generic strategies have been proposed to overcome time constraints.
UNASSIGNED: Clinicians could co-create decision-making timelines with patients, spread decisions across several consultations, share written information with patients, and support healthcare redesigns that allocate the necessary time.
摘要：
背景：时间通常被认为是癌症治疗中共同决策的障碍。目前尚不清楚时间如何发挥障碍的作用，以及如何最有效地利用时间。
目的：本范围审查旨在描述时间在患者受累中的作用，并确定克服与时间相关的障碍的策略。
方法：在七个数据库中搜索了关于患者参与癌症治疗决策的任何出版物，专注于如何利用时间来吸引患者，时间和患者参与之间的关联，和/或克服时间相关障碍的策略。审稿人独立工作，一式两份，选择出版物和提取数据。一个编码器以主题分析数据，第二个编码器检查了这些分析。
结果：对26份合格出版物的分析揭示了四个主题。时间是资源1)处理诊断，2）获取/处理/考虑信息，3）患者和临床医生一起度过，4)患者参与决策。
结论：时间是整个治疗决策过程的资源，并提出了通用策略来克服时间限制。
■临床医生可以与患者共同创建决策时间表，将决定分散在几次磋商中，与患者分享书面信息，并支持分配必要时间的医疗保健重新设计。
目的：本范围审查旨在描述时间在患者受累中的作用，并确定克服与时间相关的障碍的策略。
方法：在七个数据库中搜索了关于患者参与癌症治疗决策的任何出版物，专注于如何利用时间来吸引患者，时间和患者参与之间的关联，和/或克服时间相关障碍的策略。审稿人独立工作，一式两份，选择出版物和提取数据。一个编码器以主题分析数据，第二个编码器检查了这些分析。
结果：对26份合格出版物的分析揭示了四个主题。时间是资源1)处理诊断，2）获取/处理/考虑信息，3）患者和临床医生一起度过，4)患者参与决策。
结论：时间是整个治疗决策过程的资源，并提出了通用策略来克服时间限制。
■临床医生可以与患者共同创建决策时间表，将决定分散在几次磋商中，与患者分享书面信息，并支持分配必要时间的医疗保健重新设计。
